Carbone Katya, Gervasi Fabio
CREA-Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, Via di Fioranello 52, 00134 Rome, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Dec 8;11(24):3434. doi: 10.3390/plants11243434.
The medicinal potential of hop ( L.) is widely cited in ancient literature and is also allowed in several official pharmacopoeias for the treatment of a variety of ailments, mainly related to anxiety states. This is due to the plethora of phytoconstituents (e.g., bitter acids, polyphenols, prenyl flavonoids) present in the female inflorescences, commonly known as cones or strobili, endowed with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and phytoestrogen activities. Hop has recently attracted the interest of the scientific community due to the presence of xanthohumol, whose strong anti-cancer activity against various types of cancer cells has been well documented, and for the presence of 8-prenyl naringenin, the most potent known phytoestrogen. Studies in the literature have also shown that hop compounds can hinder numerous signalling pathways, including ERK1/2 phosphorylation, regulation of AP-1 activity, PI3K-Akt, and nuclear factor NF-κB, which are the main targets of the antiproliferative action of bitter acids and prenylflavonoids. In light of these considerations, the aim of this review was to provide an up-to-date overview of the main biologically active compounds found in hops, as well as their and applications for human health and disease prevention. To this end, a quantitative literature analysis approach was used, using VOSviewer software to extract and process Scopus bibliometric data. In addition, data on the pharmacokinetics of bioactive hop compounds and clinical studies in the literature were analysed. To make the information more complete, studies on the beneficial properties of the other two species belonging to the genus and , were also reviewed for the first time.
蛇麻草（L.）的药用潜力在古代文献中被广泛引用，并且在几本官方药典中也被允许用于治疗多种疾病，主要与焦虑状态有关。这是由于雌性花序中存在大量植物成分（例如，苦味酸、多酚、异戊烯基黄酮），这些雌性花序通常被称为球果或雌球花，具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗菌和植物雌激素活性。由于黄腐酚的存在，蛇麻草最近引起了科学界的关注，黄腐酚对各种癌细胞的强大抗癌活性已有充分记录，并且还因为存在8-异戊烯基柚皮素，这是已知最有效的植物雌激素。文献研究还表明，蛇麻草化合物可以阻碍众多信号通路，包括ERK1/2磷酸化、AP-1活性调节、PI3K-Akt和核因子NF-κB，这些是苦味酸和异戊烯基黄酮抗增殖作用的主要靶点。鉴于这些考虑因素，本综述的目的是提供蛇麻草中发现的主要生物活性化合物的最新概述，以及它们在人类健康和疾病预防方面的 和 应用。为此，采用了定量文献分析方法，使用VOSviewer软件提取和处理Scopus文献计量数据。此外，还分析了文献中生物活性蛇麻草化合物的药代动力学数据和临床研究。为了使信息更完整，还首次综述了属于该属的其他两个物种的有益特性的研究。
