Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation (CAMES), Center for HR and Education, The Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Jul;278(7):2313-2320. doi: 10.1007/s00405-020-06336-6. Epub 2020 Sep 9.
At graduation from medical school, competency in otoscopy is often insufficient. Simulation-based training can be used to improve technical skills, but the suitability of the training model and assessment must be supported by validity evidence. The purpose of this study was to collect content validity evidence for a simulation-based test of handheld otoscopy skills.
First, a three-round Delphi study was conducted with a panel of nine clinical teachers in otorhinolaryngology (ORL) to determine the content requirements in our educational context. Next, the authenticity of relevant cases in a commercially available technology-enhanced simulator (Earsi, VR Magic, Germany) was evaluated by specialists in ORL. Finally, an integrated course was developed for the simulator based on these results.
The Delphi study resulted in nine essential diagnoses of normal variations and pathologies that all junior doctors should be able to diagnose with a handheld otoscope. Twelve out of 15 tested simulator cases were correctly recognized by at least one ORL specialist. Fifteen cases from the simulator case library matched the essential diagnoses determined by the Delphi study and were integrated into the course.
Content validity evidence for a simulation-based test of handheld otoscopy skills was collected. This informed a simulation-based course that can be used for undergraduate training. The course needs to be further investigated in relation to other aspects of validity and for future self-directed training.
从医学院毕业后，耳镜检查的能力往往不足。基于模拟的培训可以用来提高技术技能，但培训模型和评估的适用性必须得到有效性证据的支持。本研究的目的是收集基于模拟的手持式耳镜技能测试的内容有效性证据。
首先，对 9 名耳鼻喉科临床教师进行了三轮 Delphi 研究，以确定我们教育背景下的内容要求。接下来，耳鼻喉科专家评估了一种商业上可用的增强技术模拟器（Earsi、VR Magic、德国）中相关案例的真实性。最后，根据这些结果为模拟器开发了一门综合课程。
德尔菲研究得出了 9 种正常变异和病理的基本诊断，所有初级医生都应该能够用手持式耳镜诊断这些疾病。15 个测试的模拟器案例中有 12 个至少被一名耳鼻喉科专家正确识别。模拟器案例库中的 15 个案例与 Delphi 研究确定的基本诊断相匹配，并被整合到课程中。
收集了基于模拟的手持式耳镜技能测试的内容有效性证据。这为基于模拟的本科培训课程提供了信息。该课程需要进一步研究其他有效性方面的问题，并进行未来的自主培训。
