Argirova M, Arnautska E
Department of Burns & Plastic Surgery, UMHATEM N. I. Pirogov, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Ann Burns Fire Disasters. 2020 Jun 30;33(2):97-100.
The treatment of major burns in toddlers is a serious challenge, even for the best physicians. Children's delicate organism decompensates fast and even a small delay or slight mistake in therapy can lead to fatal consequences. The aim of this study is to create a profile for children at risk through a retrospective analysis of ethnic origin, citizenship, lone parent families and age of parent. Demographics, profile of the parent raising the child, burn size, and location of the incident were also recorded. A total of 100 children of both genders, no older than 36 months and treated in the clinic between 2012 and 2019 were included in the analysis. All had burns above 10% and were treated in the intensive care unit: 43% of the children were raised by single mothers, 57% by both parents; 27% of the mothers were minors; 58% were from distant non-urbanised regions; 39% were Bulgarian, 9% Bulgarian-Muslim and 50% gypsies. For 57% of the cases, burn had happened in the kitchen, for 26% in the bathroom and for 17% in other parts of the home. Children at risk come from poor and distant regions, and the suburbs of urban areas. They mostly have lone parents with bad social status and low educational level. That is why lowering the level of household burns is a very hard task. A well-structured national program to educate young parents and parents raising toddlers, and control household conditions is needed.
对幼儿严重烧伤的治疗是一项严峻挑战，即使对于最优秀的医生来说也是如此。儿童娇嫩的机体很快就会失代偿，治疗中哪怕是微小的延误或轻微的失误都可能导致致命后果。本研究的目的是通过对种族、国籍、单亲家庭及父母年龄进行回顾性分析，为高危儿童建立一个档案。还记录了人口统计学数据、抚养孩子的家长情况、烧伤面积及事故发生地点。共有100名年龄不超过36个月、2012年至2019年期间在该诊所接受治疗的男女儿童纳入分析。所有儿童烧伤面积均超过10%，并在重症监护病房接受治疗：43%的儿童由单身母亲抚养，57%由父母双方抚养；27%的母亲为未成年人；58%来自偏远未城市化地区；39%为保加利亚人，9%为保加利亚穆斯林，50%为吉普赛人。57%的病例烧伤发生在厨房，26%发生在浴室，17%发生在家庭其他地方。高危儿童来自贫困偏远地区及城市郊区。他们大多有社会地位低下且教育水平低的单亲家长。因此，降低家庭烧伤发生率是一项非常艰巨的任务。需要制定一个结构完善的国家计划，对年轻父母及抚养幼儿的家长进行教育，并控制家庭环境。
