Banco L, Lapidus G, Zavoski R, Braddock M
Connecticut Childhood Injury Prevention Center, Hartford.
Pediatr Emerg Care. 1994 Apr;10(2):98-101. doi: 10.1097/00006565-199404000-00010.
To determine the profile of burn injury among an ambulatory population, we conducted a retrospective chart review over a one-year period of all first visits by patients under age 18 receiving burn care in our emergency department. Of the 109 visits, contact burns were most numerous (43.1%) followed by scalds (33.9%), flame/explosion (11.0%), cigarettes (5.5%) and electrical (2.8%). For children under 11 years of age, contact burns caused over half of all burns. Irons accounted for 44.7% of contact burns and 19.1% of all burns. The next most frequent causative agents were beverages (14.7%), food (nonbeverage) (7.3%), tap water/bath (7.3%), and cooking-related (6.4%). Contact burns were more likely to be smaller and more localized when compared with other burns. The cause and causative agents of burns differ in frequency and relative importance depending on the patient population studied and the level of medical care being provided. Specific burn prevention strategies should be directed toward particular patterns of injury within defined patient groups.
为确定门诊人群中烧伤的情况，我们对18岁以下患者在我们急诊科接受烧伤治疗的所有首次就诊情况进行了为期一年的回顾性病历审查。在109次就诊中，接触性烧伤最为常见（43.1%），其次是烫伤（33.9%）、火焰/爆炸伤（11.0%）、香烟烧伤（5.5%）和电击伤（2.8%）。对于11岁以下儿童，接触性烧伤占所有烧伤的一半以上。熨斗导致的接触性烧伤占44.7%，占所有烧伤的19.1%。接下来最常见的致伤因素是饮料（14.7%）、食物（非饮料）（7.3%）、自来水/洗澡水（7.3%）和烹饪相关（6.4%）。与其他烧伤相比，接触性烧伤往往面积更小、部位更局限。烧伤的原因和致伤因素在频率和相对重要性上因所研究的患者群体以及所提供的医疗护理水平而异。具体的烧伤预防策略应针对特定患者群体内特定的损伤模式。
