Renfroe K L
Lucy Lee Hospital, Poplar Bluff, MO.
Heart Lung. 1988 Jul;17(4):408-13.
The symptom of dyspnea and the associated anxiety is a primary concern of millions of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). An experimental study was conducted of 20 outpatients with COPD to measure the effect of progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) on dyspnea and anxiety. Patients were divided into a treatment group (n = 12) and a control group (n = 8). Patients in the treatment group underwent four weekly sessions of live PMR plus daily home practice with taped instructions. The effect of the independent variable, PMR, was measured during each session and at the end of 4 weeks. Measurements were made before and after treatment of the dependent variables, dyspnea and anxiety. Instruments used were Spielberger's State Anxiety Inventory for anxiety and a 20 cm visual analogue scale for dyspnea. Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) were also measured. Data analysis was done by using two-tailed t tests and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Reductions in anxiety and dyspnea were positively correlated during each session (r = 0.37) and at the end of 4 weeks (r = 0.60). PMR was shown by t tests to be more effective than the control in reducing dyspnea (p = 0.04), anxiety (p = 0.001), RR (p = 0.000), and HR (p = 0.05) during each session but only RR (p = 0.04) at the end of the 4-week period. Dyspnea and RR were correlated positively during each session (r = 0.21). Dyspnea and state anxiety were correlated positively at the end of 4 weeks with RR (r = 0.62) and HR (r = 0.50).
呼吸困难症状及相关焦虑是数百万慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者的主要担忧。对20名COPD门诊患者进行了一项实验研究，以测量渐进性肌肉松弛（PMR）对呼吸困难和焦虑的影响。患者被分为治疗组（n = 12）和对照组（n = 8）。治疗组患者每周接受4次现场PMR治疗，并每天按照录音指导在家中练习。在每次治疗期间及4周结束时测量自变量PMR的效果。在治疗前后测量因变量呼吸困难和焦虑。使用的工具包括用于测量焦虑的斯皮尔伯格状态焦虑量表和用于测量呼吸困难的20厘米视觉模拟量表。还测量了心率（HR）、呼吸频率（RR）、用力肺活量（FVC）和1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）。数据分析采用双尾t检验和皮尔逊相关系数。在每次治疗期间（r = 0.37）和4周结束时（r = 0.60），焦虑和呼吸困难的减轻呈正相关。t检验表明，PMR在每次治疗期间比对照组更有效地减轻呼吸困难（p = 0.04）、焦虑（p = 0.001）、RR（p = 0.000）和HR（p = 0.05），但在4周结束时仅RR（p = 0.04）有差异。在每次治疗期间，呼吸困难与RR呈正相关（r = 0.21）。在4周结束时，呼吸困难和状态焦虑与RR（r = 0.62）和HR（r = 0.50）呈正相关。
