Messiaen M, Duba A, Boulangeat C, Boucekine M, Bourbon A, Viprey M, Auquier P, Lançon C, Boyer L, Fond G
Secteur Timone, EA 3279 : CEReSS - centre d'étude et de recherche sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie, faculté de médecine, Aix-Marseille Université, 27, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France.
Secteur Timone, EA 3279 : CEReSS - centre d'étude et de recherche sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie, faculté de médecine, Aix-Marseille Université, 27, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France.
Encephale. 2021 Apr;47(2):114-122. doi: 10.1016/j.encep.2020.05.020. Epub 2020 Sep 11.
Hospital professional violence is defined as hostile and aggressive behavior exerted by health professionals on other health professionals. No quantitative study has been carried out to date on French hospital professional violence among young physicians, while recent qualitative studies have suggested a potential high frequency. The main objective was to determine the prevalence of exposure of young doctors to hospital violence. The secondary objective was to determine their characteristics and consequences as well as to determine if students and young physicians (resident and young MD) differed.
The study was a national cross-sectional observational epidemiological study that included 4th-year medical students and young physicians (MD for less than 2 years). Thirty-seven French faculties of medicine were contacted for email recruitment of participants. Social networks were used to increase the visibility of the study. The questionnaire was developed after exhaustive review of the international literature dealing with professional violence in hospitals, its characteristics and its consequences in terms of mental health, addiction, personal and professional life. The report of these events was also explored.
In total, 2003 participants have been included. More than nine out of ten participants were exposed to hospital violence at least once and nearly 42% to moral harassment as defined by the French law. This violence does not differ between the students and the residents/young MDs, suggesting that working time in the hospital does not seem to affect this risk. Nearly 80 % of interns and young MDs reported working more than the legal time. The perpetrators of violence include in almost all cases at least one man, often a senior doctor, but students reported the presence of at least one woman among the perpetrators in ¾ of cases. The victims are as often men as women. Compared to the undergraduate medical students, residents and young MDs more frequently reported poor outcomes on their mental health, addictive behavior, personal and professional lives. The majority of victims reported the event to a peer but fewer than 10% to the head of the department, a professor or an instance that could have acted. In almost all cases, participants reported the continuation of abusive behavior after the event. In total, 42% of students think that this is simple part of medical studies that they must endure.
These results suggest the need to develop specific information and prevention programs for professional hospital violence in France.
医院职业暴力被定义为医护人员对其他医护人员实施的敌意和攻击行为。迄今为止，尚未对法国年轻医生中的医院职业暴力进行定量研究，而最近的定性研究表明其潜在发生率较高。主要目标是确定年轻医生遭受医院暴力的发生率。次要目标是确定其特征和后果，以及确定医学生与年轻医生（住院医生和年轻医学博士）之间是否存在差异。
该研究是一项全国性横断面观察性流行病学研究，纳入了四年级医学生和年轻医生（从业少于2年的医学博士）。通过电子邮件联系了法国37所医学院校以招募参与者。利用社交网络提高研究的知名度。在详尽回顾了关于医院职业暴力、其特征以及在心理健康、成瘾、个人和职业生活方面后果的国际文献后，制定了调查问卷。还探讨了这些事件的报告情况。
总共纳入了2003名参与者。超过十分之九的参与者至少遭受过一次医院暴力，近42%遭受过法国法律所定义的精神骚扰。学生和住院医生/年轻医学博士遭受的这种暴力没有差异，这表明在医院的工作时间似乎并未影响这种风险。近80%的实习生和年轻医学博士报告工作时间超过法定时间。暴力行为的实施者几乎在所有情况下至少有一名男性，通常是一名资深医生，但学生报告在四分之三的案例中实施者中至少有一名女性。受害者中男性和女性的比例相同。与本科医学生相比，住院医生和年轻医学博士更频繁地报告在心理健康、成瘾行为、个人和职业生活方面有不良后果。大多数受害者将事件告知了同行，但告知科室主任、教授或能够采取行动的机构的不到10%。几乎在所有情况下，参与者都报告事件发生后虐待行为仍在继续。总共有42%的学生认为这是医学学习中他们必须忍受的一部分。
这些结果表明有必要在法国针对医院职业暴力制定具体的信息和预防方案。
