Deng Z, Ribas J L, Gibson D W, Connor D H
Department of Pathology, Guangxi Medical College, People's Republic of China.
Rev Infect Dis. 1988 May-Jun;10(3):640-52. doi: 10.1093/clinids/10.3.640.
One accidental and 17 natural human infections caused by Penicillium marneffei have been reported in the literature. The accidental infection, in Paris, followed inoculation of a culture from a Vietnamese bamboo rat into the finger of a mycologist. All patients with natural infections had lived or traveled in the Far East. Nine of these patients were Chinese, all from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The four additional infections from Guangxi reported herein bring the total to 21 natural infections. P. marneffei is a primary pathogen of humans, causing two clinical types of disease: focal infection and fatal, progressive, disseminated infection. There are three histopathologic reactions: (1) granulomatous; (2) suppurative; and (3) anergic and necrotizing. The first two reactions are seen in patients with "normal" immunity and the third in patients with compromised immunity. P. marneffei is unique among species of Penicillium because of its thermal dimorphism, its recognized ecologic niche (restricted to the Far East), and its propensity to infect the lungs and the reticuloendothelial system and to proliferate within histiocytes.
文献中已报道了1例由马尔尼菲青霉菌引起的意外感染和17例自然感染病例。在巴黎发生的这起意外感染，是一名真菌学家的手指被接种了来自越南竹鼠的培养物所致。所有自然感染患者均在远东地区生活或旅行过。其中9名患者是中国人，均来自广西壮族自治区。本文报道的另外4例来自广西的感染病例使自然感染病例总数达到21例。马尔尼菲青霉菌是人类的主要病原体，可导致两种临床疾病类型：局灶性感染和致命的、进行性的播散性感染。有三种组织病理学反应：（1）肉芽肿性；（2）化脓性；（3）无反应性和坏死性。前两种反应见于免疫“正常”的患者，第三种反应见于免疫受损的患者。马尔尼菲青霉菌在青霉菌属中是独特的，因为它具有温度双态性、公认的生态位（仅限于远东地区），以及感染肺部和网状内皮系统并在组织细胞内增殖的倾向。
