Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA.
Zukerman Institute of Mind Brain Behavior, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Curr Opin Virol. 2020 Oct;44:154-161. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2020.08.004. Epub 2020 Sep 12.
Influenza D is the only type of influenza virus that mainly affects cattle with frequent spillover to other species. Since the initial description of influenza D virus (IDV) in 2011, the virus has been found to circulate among cattle and swine populations worldwide. Research conducted during the past several years has led to an increased understanding of this novel influenza virus with bovines as a reservoir. In this review, we describe the current knowledge of epidemiology and host range of IDV followed by discussion of infection biology and animal model development for IDV. Finally, we review progress towards understanding of the pathogenesis and host response of IDV as well as developing preventive vaccines for IDV.
D 型流感病毒是唯一一种主要感染牛并经常溢出感染其他物种的流感病毒。自 2011 年首次描述 D 型流感病毒(IDV)以来,该病毒已在全球范围内的牛群和猪群中传播。过去几年的研究使人们对这种新型流感病毒有了更多的了解,牛是其储存宿主。在这篇综述中,我们描述了 IDV 的流行病学和宿主范围的现有知识,随后讨论了 IDV 的感染生物学和动物模型开发。最后,我们综述了对 IDV 的发病机制和宿主反应以及 IDV 预防性疫苗的开发的研究进展。