Biological Sciences Department, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia 45662-000, Brazil.
Health Area, Universidade Braz Cubas, Mogi das Cruzes, São Paulo 08773-380, Brazil.
Toxins (Basel). 2020 Sep 11;12(9):589. doi: 10.3390/toxins12090589.
Pain is a distressful experience that can have a major impact on an individual's quality of life. The need for new and better analgesics has been further intensified in light of the current opioid epidemic. Substances obtained from amphibians have been shown to contain bioactive peptides that exert analgesic effects. The genus represents an important source of peptides and bioactive components. The aim of this study was to investigate the antinociceptive effects of the skin secretion of in rodent models of pain. The crude skin extract of was tested in different pain models: acetic acid-induced writhing test (mice), formalin test (rats), Von Frey electronic test for hypernociception induced by PGE (rats), and hot plate test (mice). Motor-impairing effects were tested using the rota-rod test. The results showed that the skin extract of exerted antinociceptive effects in all pain models tested. Particularly, the highest dose tested of the skin extract decreased acetic acid-induced writhing by 93%, completely blocked formalin-induced nociception both during the acute and inflammatory phases of the test, PGE-induced hypernociception by 73% and increased latency to paw withdrawal in the hot plate test by 300%. The effects observed in the hot plate test were reversed by pretreatment with selective µ and κ, but not δ, opioid receptor antagonists, indicating a mechanism of action dependent on µ and κ opioid receptors. The results were not influenced by sedative effects. Further studies remain necessary to reveal the specific compounds involved in the antinociceptive effects of skin extract as a new therapeutic tool in pain management.
疼痛是一种痛苦的体验，会对个人的生活质量产生重大影响。鉴于当前阿片类药物流行，对新的和更好的镇痛药的需求进一步加剧。已经表明，来自两栖动物的物质含有发挥镇痛作用的生物活性肽。 属代表了肽和生物活性成分的重要来源。本研究旨在研究 在疼痛的啮齿动物模型中的抗伤害感受作用。 以不同的疼痛模型测试了 的皮肤分泌物的粗提物：乙酸诱导的扭体试验（小鼠），福尔马林试验（大鼠），PGE 诱导的痛觉超敏反应的 Von Frey 电子试验（大鼠）和热板试验（小鼠）。 使用转棒试验测试运动障碍效应。结果表明， 的皮肤提取物在所有测试的疼痛模型中均表现出抗伤害感受作用。特别是，测试的最高剂量的皮肤提取物使乙酸诱导的扭体减少了 93％，完全阻止了福尔马林诱导的疼痛在测试的急性和炎症期，PGE 诱导的痛觉超敏反应减少了 73％，并使热板试验中的足部退缩潜伏期增加了 300％。在热板试验中观察到的作用可通过预先用选择性 µ 和 κ，而不是 δ，阿片受体拮抗剂逆转，表明作用机制依赖于 µ 和 κ 阿片受体。镇静作用对结果没有影响。进一步的研究仍然需要揭示 皮肤提取物的抗伤害感受作用所涉及的特定化合物，作为疼痛管理中的新治疗工具。
