Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA.
David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2020 Aug;28(8):1477-1486. doi: 10.1002/oby.22870.
Alterations in brain-gut-microbiome interactions have been implicated as an important factor in obesity. This study aimed to explore the relationship between food addiction (FA) and the brain-gut-microbiome axis, using a multi-omics approach involving microbiome data, metabolomics, and brain imaging.
Brain magnetic resonance imaging was obtained in 105 females. FA was defined by using the Yale Food Addiction Scale. Fecal samples were collected for sequencing and metabolomics. Statistical analysis was done by using multivariate analyses and machine learning algorithms.
Of the females with obesity, 33.3% exhibited FA as compared with 5.3% and 0.0% of females with overweight and normal BMI, respectively (P = 0.0001). Based on a multilevel sparse partial least square discriminant analysis, there was a difference in the gut microbiome of females with FA versus those without. Differential abundance testing showed Bacteroides, Megamonas, Eubacterium, and Akkermansia were statistically associated with FA (q < 0.05). Metabolomics showed that indolepropionic acid was inversely correlated with FA. FA was also correlated with increased connectivity within the brain's reward network, specifically between the intraparietal sulcus, brain stem, and putamen.
This is the first study to examine FA along the brain-gut-microbiome axis and it supports the idea of targeting the brain-gut-microbiome axis for the treatment of FA and obesity.
脑-肠-微生物组相互作用的改变被认为是肥胖的一个重要因素。本研究旨在采用多组学方法，包括微生物组数据、代谢组学和脑成像，探索食物成瘾（FA）与脑-肠-微生物组轴之间的关系。
对 105 名女性进行脑磁共振成像。使用耶鲁食物成瘾量表定义 FA。收集粪便样本进行测序和代谢组学分析。通过多元分析和机器学习算法进行统计分析。
在肥胖女性中，33.3%表现出 FA，而超重和正常 BMI 的女性分别为 5.3%和 0.0%（P=0.0001）。基于多层次稀疏偏最小二乘判别分析，FA 女性与无 FA 女性的肠道微生物组存在差异。差异丰度检验显示，拟杆菌属、巨单胞菌属、真杆菌属和阿克曼氏菌属与 FA 具有统计学相关性（q<0.05）。代谢组学显示吲哚丙酸与 FA 呈负相关。FA 还与大脑奖励网络内的连接性增加有关，特别是顶内沟、脑干和壳核之间。
这是首次研究 FA 沿脑-肠-微生物组轴的情况，支持针对脑-肠-微生物组轴治疗 FA 和肥胖的观点。
