Departments of Ophthalmology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.
Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.
Am J Ophthalmol. 2021 Feb;222:285-291. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2020.09.011. Epub 2020 Sep 15.
This study analyzed sex differences among cornea specialists with regards to academic rank, scholarly productivity, National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding, and industry partnerships.
Cross-sectional study.
This was a study of faculty at 113 US academic programs. Sex, residency graduation year, and academic rank were collected from institutional websites between January and March 2019. H-indices and m-quotients were collected from the Scopus database. The NIH Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tool and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services databases were queried for data on NIH funding and industry partnerships.
Of the 440 cornea specialists identified, 131 (29.8%) were female. The proportions of females and males at each academic rank (assistant 69.5% vs 41.8%; associate 17.6% vs 21.0%; full professor 13.0% vs 37.2%) were not significant after adjusting for career duration (P = .083, .459, and .113, respectively). Females had significantly lower median h-indices (4.0 [interquartile range {IQR} 7.0] vs 11.0 [IQR 17.0], P < .001) and shorter median career duration (12.0 [IQR 11.0] vs. 25.0 [IQR 20.0] years, P < .001) than males but similar median m-quotients (0.5 [IQR 0.8] vs 0.5 [IQR 0.8], P = 1.00). Sex differences in h-indices were not seen at each academic rank or career duration interval. Among NIH-funded investigators, the median grant funding was $1.6M (IQR $2.2M) for females and $1.2M (IQR $4.6M, P = .853) for males. Overall, 25.5% of females and 58.6% of males (P = .600) had industry partnerships.
Sex differences within academic ranks and h-indices are likely due to a smaller proportion of females with advanced career duration.
本研究分析了角膜专家在学术职称、学术成果、美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）资助和行业合作方面的性别差异。
横断面研究。
这是一项对 113 个美国学术项目的教员进行的研究。2019 年 1 月至 3 月，从机构网站收集了性别、住院医师毕业年份和学术职称。从 Scopus 数据库收集了 H 指数和 m 系数。查询了 NIH 研究组合在线报告工具和医疗保险和医疗补助服务中心数据库，以获取 NIH 资助和行业合作的数据。
在所确定的 440 名角膜专家中，有 131 名（29.8%）为女性。调整职业持续时间后，女性和男性在各学术职称（助理教授 69.5%对 41.8%；副教授 17.6%对 21.0%；正教授 13.0%对 37.2%）的比例无显著差异（P=0.083、0.459 和 0.113）。女性的中位 H 指数明显较低（4.0 [四分位距 {IQR} 7.0] vs 11.0 [IQR 17.0]，P <0.001），职业持续时间中位数较短（12.0 [IQR 11.0] vs 25.0 [IQR 20.0] 年，P <0.001），但中位 m 系数相似（0.5 [IQR 0.8] vs 0.5 [IQR 0.8]，P=1.00）。在每个学术职称或职业持续时间间隔中，H 指数的性别差异并不明显。在 NIH 资助的调查人员中，女性中位拨款金额为 160 万美元（IQR 220 万美元），男性为 120 万美元（IQR 460 万美元，P=0.853）。总体而言，25.5%的女性和 58.6%的男性（P=0.600）有行业合作关系。
学术职称和 H 指数内的性别差异可能是由于具有较高职业持续时间的女性比例较小所致。
