Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, ANLIS "Dr Carlos G Malbrán", Almafuerte y Ámbar s/n, 3370, Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina.
Laboratório de Investigações Biológicas, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Rua Universitária 1619, 85819-170, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2021 Jan 7;115(1):9-19. doi: 10.1093/trstmh/traa051.
Among the Lepidoptera with medical importance in Brazil, larvae of Lonomia moth (Saturniidae: Hemileucinae) stand out by being the etiological agent of the lonomism, a form of erucism in which the most troubling symptoms include systemic hemorrhage that can lead to death.
This study provides an epidemiological overview of accident notifications with Lonomia registered by the Brazilian Reportable Disease Information System (SINAN) between 2007 and 2018. The categories of sociodemographic aspects of the victim, accident characteristics, and clinical data (6,636 records) were analysed by the chi-square test for goodness of fit (α=0.05). By the same test, accident frequencies by month, year, and state were also compared. To explore the spatial distribution of notifications and to identify significant space-time and purely spatial clusters, a spatial scan statistic (SaTScan) was used.
The epidemiological profile of most of the victims had at least one of the following characteristics: male, >50 y of age, ethnically classified as white, and with a low level of education. Accidents in urban areas were as frequent as in rural areas. A higher frequency of non-work-related accidents was detected. Victims were mostly stung on the upper limbs. Most victims received medical care within the first 3 h after the accident. Most cases were classified as mild, although 12 deaths were reported. The south states of Brazil concentrate the highest frequencies of notifications. Summer was the season with the greatest number of cases, and the majority of the notifications occurred between 2017 and 2018.
These results provide an overall and current situation assessment of the lonomism in Brazil, and they should enable health authorities to improve the management of this envenomation in states/regions that share the high epidemiological risk of exposure to Lonomia.
在巴西具有医学重要性的鳞翅目昆虫中，月形天蚕蛾幼虫（Saturniidae：Hemileucinae）尤为突出，因为它们是 lonomism 的病原体，这是一种呕吐形式，最麻烦的症状包括全身性出血，可能导致死亡。
本研究提供了巴西报告疾病信息系统（SINAN）在 2007 年至 2018 年间登记的 lonomism 事故通知的流行病学概述。使用卡方检验（α=0.05）对受害者的社会人口统计学方面、事故特征和临床数据（6636 条记录）的类别进行分析。通过相同的检验，还比较了按月份、年份和州划分的事故频率。为了探索通知的空间分布并确定有意义的时空和纯粹空间集群，使用了空间扫描统计（SaTScan）。
大多数受害者的流行病学特征至少具有以下特征之一：男性、>50 岁、种族分类为白人、受教育程度低。城市地区和农村地区的事故频率相同。检测到非工作相关事故的频率较高。受害者主要在四肢被蜇伤。大多数受害者在事故发生后 3 小时内接受了医疗护理。大多数病例被归类为轻度，尽管报告了 12 例死亡。巴西南部各州集中了最高频率的通知。夏季是病例最多的季节，大多数通知发生在 2017 年至 2018 年期间。
这些结果提供了巴西 lonomism 的总体和现状评估，应使卫生当局能够改善在与暴露于 lonomia 高流行病学风险共享的州/地区对这种中毒的管理。
