Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Republic of Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Republic of Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
Ophthalmol Glaucoma. 2021 Mar-Apr;4(2):201-208. doi: 10.1016/j.ogla.2020.09.004. Epub 2020 Sep 15.
To determine the 6-year incidence of primary glaucoma and its risk factors in an Indian population in Singapore.
Cohort population-based study.
Indian adults between 40 and 80 years of age living in Singapore. A total of 3400 participants underwent the baseline examination between 2007 and 2009. Of them, 2200 (response rate, 75.5% of those eligible) participated in the 6-year follow-up visit between 2013 and 2015.
Standardized examination and investigations were performed, including indentation gonioscopy, intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement, optic disc examination, and static automated perimetry. Glaucoma was defined according to the International Society Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology criteria.
Incidences of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG).
The age-standardized incidences of primary glaucoma, POAG, and PACG were 1.68% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21%-2.32%), 1.37% (95% CI, 0.94%-1.96%), and 0.32% (95% CI, 0.15%-0.66%), respectively. For eyes with ocular hypertension (n = 45) at baseline, the incidence of POAG was 4.83% (95% CI, 1.24%-17.21%) and for eyes with primary angle closure (n = 14) or suspected primary angle closure (n = 101), the incidence of PACG developing was 1.82% (95% CI, 0.37%-9.68%). Baseline factors associated significantly with risk of primary glaucoma developing included older age (per decade; odds ratio [OR], 1.84; 95% CI, 1.44-2.36; P < 0.001), larger vertical cup-to-disc ratio (per 0.1 unit; OR, 2.78; 95% CI, 2.12-3.64; P < 0.001), and higher IOP (per millimeter of mercury; OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.13-1.38; P < 0.001). However, 71 of 85 eyes (84.5%) diagnosed with incident glaucoma had IOP of less than 21 mmHg at the time of examination.
Our study showed that the overall age-standardized incidence of primary glaucoma was 1.68% in an Indian population in Singapore. In our population, the incidence of POAG was only half and the incidence of PACG was similar to the incidence reported by the Chennai Eye Disease Study.
在新加坡的印度人群中确定原发性青光眼的 6 年发病率及其危险因素。
队列人群为基础的研究。
年龄在 40 至 80 岁之间居住在新加坡的印度成年人。共有 3400 名参与者于 2007 年至 2009 年间接受了基线检查。其中，2200 名（应答率为符合条件者的 75.5%）于 2013 年至 2015 年期间参加了 6 年随访。
进行了标准化的检查和调查，包括压陷式房角镜检查、眼压（IOP）测量、视盘检查和静态自动视野检查。青光眼的定义根据国际眼科协会地理和流行病学分会的标准。
原发性开角型青光眼（POAG）和原发性闭角型青光眼（PACG）的发病率。
年龄标准化的原发性青光眼、POAG 和 PACG 的发病率分别为 1.68%（95%置信区间[CI]，1.21%-2.32%）、1.37%（95%CI，0.94%-1.96%）和 0.32%（95%CI，0.15%-0.66%）。基线时患有眼压升高（n=45）的眼，POAG 的发病率为 4.83%（95%CI，1.24%-17.21%），而原发性房角关闭（n=14）或疑似原发性房角关闭（n=101）的眼，PACG 的发展发病率为 1.82%（95%CI，0.37%-9.68%）。与原发性青光眼发病风险显著相关的基线因素包括年龄较大（每十年；优势比[OR]，1.84；95%CI，1.44-2.36；P<0.001）、垂直杯盘比更大（每 0.1 单位；OR，2.78；95%CI，2.12-3.64；P<0.001）和更高的眼压（每毫米汞柱；OR，1.25；95%CI，1.13-1.38；P<0.001）。然而，在 85 只诊断为新发青光眼的眼中，有 71 只（84.5%）在检查时的眼压低于 21mmHg。
我们的研究表明，在新加坡的印度人群中，原发性青光眼的总体年龄标准化发病率为 1.68%。在我们的人群中，POAG 的发病率仅为一半，PACG 的发病率与 Chennai Eye Disease Study 报告的发病率相似。
