School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Remediation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2020 Dec 5;400:123289. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123289. Epub 2020 Jun 23.
China exemplifies the serious and widespread soil heavy metal pollution generated by mining activities. A total of 420 soil samples from 58 metal mines was collected across Eastern China. Total and available heavy metal concentrations, soil physico-chemical properties and geological indices were determined and collected. Risk assessments were applied, and a successive multivariate statistical analysis was carried out to provide insights into the heavy metal contamination characteristics and environmental drivers of heavy metal availability. The results suggested that although the degrees of pollution varied between different mine types, in general they had similar contamination characteristics in different regions. The major pollutants for total concentrations were found to be Cd and As in south and northeast China. The availability of Zn and Cd is relatively higher in south China. Soil physico-chemical properties had major effect on metal availability where soil pH was the most important factor. On a continental scale, soil pH and EC were influenced by the local climate patterns which could further impact on heavy metal availability. Enlightened by this study, future remediation strategies should be focused on steadily increasing soil pH, and building adaptable and sustainable ecological system to maintain low metal availabilities in mine site soils.
中国是采矿活动导致的严重且广泛的土壤重金属污染的典型代表。在中国东部共采集了 58 个金属矿区的 420 个土壤样本。测定并收集了土壤中重金属的总量和有效浓度、土壤理化性质和地质指标。采用风险评估方法，并进行了连续的多元统计分析，以深入了解重金属污染特征和重金属有效性的环境驱动因素。结果表明，尽管不同矿区类型的污染程度不同，但在不同地区它们具有相似的污染特征。在华南和东北地区，主要的污染物是 Cd 和 As。华南地区 Zn 和 Cd 的有效性相对较高。土壤理化性质对金属有效性有较大影响，其中土壤 pH 值是最重要的因素。在大陆尺度上，土壤 pH 值和 EC 值受当地气候模式的影响，这可能进一步影响重金属的有效性。受这项研究的启发，未来的修复策略应侧重于稳定提高土壤 pH 值，并建立适应性强和可持续的生态系统，以保持矿区土壤中低的金属有效性。
