Aghbolagh Mina Ghadimi, Bahrami Tahereh, Rejeh Nahid, Heravi-Karimooi Majideh, Tadrisi Seyed Davood, Vaismoradi Mojtaba
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahed University, Tehran 3319118651, Iran.
Trauma Research Center, Faculty of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1435916471, Iran.
Geriatrics (Basel). 2020 Sep 16;5(3):53. doi: 10.3390/geriatrics5030053.
Pain associated with fistula cannulation is a challenge for nurses who provide care to older patients undergoing hemodialysis. Several non-pharmacological methods have been suggested for relieving fistula cannulation pain, but the benefits of visual and auditory distraction methods among older patients undergoing hemodialysis have not been investigated yet. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effects of visual and auditory distractions on fistula cannulation pain among older patients undergoing hemodialysis. This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 120 older patients undergoing hemodialysis. They were randomly assigned to three groups of visual distraction, auditory distraction, and the control ( = 40 in each group) using a simple random assignment method. The distraction interventions continued for three consecutive sessions and the numeric rating scale of pain severity was used for data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis using SPSS. It was found that pain severity significantly reduced after the distraction interventions in either the auditory or visual distraction groups and also after all three distraction sessions ( = 0.001). However, visual distraction had a better effect on the reduction of pain severity. Therefore, while both visual and auditory distractions reduced pain severity in older patients undergoing hemodialysis, visual distraction was more effective. Nurses are encouraged to incorporate visual distraction as a safe and non-pharmacologic technique into routine nursing care for reducing older patients' suffering and improving their wellbeing when fistula cannulation is performed.
与动静脉内瘘穿刺相关的疼痛对于为接受血液透析的老年患者提供护理的护士而言是一项挑战。已有多种非药物方法被建议用于缓解动静脉内瘘穿刺疼痛，但视觉和听觉分散注意力方法在接受血液透析的老年患者中的益处尚未得到研究。因此，本研究旨在比较视觉和听觉分散注意力方法对接受血液透析的老年患者动静脉内瘘穿刺疼痛的影响。这项随机对照临床试验对120名接受血液透析的老年患者进行。采用简单随机分配方法将他们随机分为视觉分散注意力组、听觉分散注意力组和对照组（每组40人）。分散注意力干预连续进行三个疗程，并使用疼痛严重程度数字评定量表收集数据。使用SPSS进行描述性和推断性统计分析数据。结果发现，在听觉或视觉分散注意力组以及所有三个分散注意力疗程后，疼痛严重程度均显著降低（P = 0.001）。然而，视觉分散注意力对降低疼痛严重程度的效果更好。因此，虽然视觉和听觉分散注意力均降低了接受血液透析的老年患者的疼痛严重程度，但视觉分散注意力更有效。鼓励护士将视觉分散注意力作为一种安全的非药物技术纳入常规护理，以减轻老年患者在进行动静脉内瘘穿刺时的痛苦并改善其健康状况。
