Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Cell-Based Therapies Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Stem Cell Res Ther. 2020 Sep 18;11(1):404. doi: 10.1186/s13287-020-01849-7.
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is quickly spreading all over the world. This virus, which is called SARS-CoV-2, has infected tens of thousands of people. Based on symptoms, the pathogenesis of acute respiratory illness is responsible for highly homogenous coronaviruses as well as other pathogens. Evidence suggests that high inflammation rates, oxidation, and overwhelming immune response probably contribute to pathology of COVID-19. COVID-19 causes cytokine storm, which subsequently leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), often ending up in the death of patients. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotential stem cells that are recognized via self-renewal capacity, generation of clonal populations, and multilineage differentiation. MSCs are present in nearly all tissues of the body, playing an essential role in repair and generation of tissues. Furthermore, MSCs have broad immunoregulatory properties through the interaction of immune cells in both innate and adaptive immune systems, leading to immunosuppression of many effector activities. MSCs can reduce the cytokine storm produced by coronavirus infection. In a number of studies, the administration of these cells has been beneficial for COVID-19 patients. Also, MSCs may be able to improve pulmonary fibrosis and lung function. In this review, we will review the newest research findings regarding MSC-based immunomodulation in patients with COVID-19.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行迅速在全球蔓延。这种被称为 SARS-CoV-2 的病毒已经感染了数万人。基于症状，急性呼吸道疾病的发病机制是由高度同源的冠状病毒以及其他病原体引起的。有证据表明，高炎症率、氧化和过度的免疫反应可能导致 COVID-19 的病理学变化。COVID-19 引起细胞因子风暴，随后导致急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS），通常导致患者死亡。间充质干细胞（MSCs）是多能干细胞，通过自我更新能力、克隆群体的产生和多谱系分化来识别。MSCs 存在于几乎所有的身体组织中，在组织的修复和生成中起着至关重要的作用。此外，MSCs 通过先天和适应性免疫系统中免疫细胞的相互作用具有广泛的免疫调节特性，导致许多效应活动的免疫抑制。MSCs 可以减少冠状病毒感染产生的细胞因子风暴。在许多研究中，这些细胞的给药对 COVID-19 患者是有益的。此外，MSCs 可能能够改善肺纤维化和肺功能。在这篇综述中，我们将回顾关于 COVID-19 患者基于 MSC 的免疫调节的最新研究结果。
