Department of Cardiology and Congenital Diseases of Adults, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland.
Department of Hypertension, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Eur J Heart Fail. 2020 Dec;22(12):2314-2326. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.2011. Epub 2020 Oct 14.
The last several years have seen increasing interest in understanding cachexia, muscle wasting, and physical frailty across the broad spectrum of patients with cardiovascular illnesses. This interest originally started in the field of heart failure, but has recently been extended to other areas such as atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease as well as to patients after cardiac surgery or transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Tissue wasting and frailty are prevalent among many of the affected patients. The ageing process itself and concomitant cardiovascular illness decrease lean mass while fat mass is relatively preserved, making elderly patients particularly prone to develop wasting syndromes and frailty. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the available knowledge of body wasting and physical frailty in patients with cardiovascular illness, particularly focussing on patients with heart failure in whom most of the available data have been gathered. In addition, mechanisms of wasting and possible therapeutic targets are discussed.
在过去的几年中，人们对理解心血管疾病患者广泛人群中的恶病质、肌肉减少症和身体虚弱越来越感兴趣。这种兴趣最初始于心力衰竭领域，但最近已扩展到其他领域，如心房颤动、冠状动脉疾病、外周动脉疾病以及心脏手术后或经导管主动脉瓣植入术后的患者。许多受影响的患者都存在组织消耗和虚弱的问题。衰老过程本身和伴随的心血管疾病会减少瘦体重，而脂肪质量相对保留，这使得老年患者特别容易患上消耗综合征和虚弱。本篇综述的目的是提供心血管疾病患者身体消耗和身体虚弱的现有知识概述，特别是特别关注心力衰竭患者，因为大多数现有数据都是针对心力衰竭患者收集的。此外，还讨论了消耗的机制和可能的治疗靶点。
