Humanities Teaching and Research Office, School of Nursing, Henan University of Science and Technology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
Department of Infection, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
J Affect Disord. 2021 Jan 1;278:15-22. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.040. Epub 2020 Aug 24.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to spread across the globe, but patient experiences are rarely documented.
To explore the psychology of COVID-19 patients during hospitalization.
A phenomenological and robust sampling approach was employed. Sixteen patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology with COVID-19 from 20th January to 1st March 2020 were selected. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, phone calls, or face-to-face interviews using quarantine measures. Data were analyzed using the Colaizzi method.
The psychological experience of COVID-19 patients during hospitalization could be summarized into five themes. Firstly, attitudes toward the disease included fear, denial, and stigma during the early stages, which gradually developed into acceptance in the later stages. Secondly, the major source of stress included the viral nature of the disease, quarantine measures, and concerns regarding the health of family members. Thirdly, reactions of body and mind included disease stage-dependent emotional responses, excessive attention to symptoms, rumination, and changes in diet, sleep, and behavior. Fourthly, supportive factors included psychological adjustments, medical care, and family and social support. Finally, the disease resulted in psychological growth and patients viewed problems with gratitude through the cherishing of life, family, bravery, and tenacity.
COVID-19 patients gradually changed their attitude toward the disease and displayed emotional responses dependent on the stage of the disease. Negative emotions dominated during the early stages but gradually gave way to mixed positive and negative emotions. Active guidance of psychological growth may therefore promote physical and mental recovery in COVID-19 patients.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）继续在全球范围内传播，但很少有患者的体验被记录下来。
探讨 COVID-19 住院患者的心理状况。
采用现象学和稳健抽样方法。选取 2020 年 1 月 20 日至 3 月 1 日河南科技大学第一附属医院收治的 16 例 COVID-19 患者。通过半结构化访谈、电话或隔离措施下的面对面访谈收集数据。采用 Colaizzi 方法进行数据分析。
COVID-19 患者住院期间的心理体验可归纳为五个主题。首先，疾病态度在早期包括恐惧、否认和耻辱感，随着疾病的发展逐渐转变为接受。其次，主要的压力源包括疾病的病毒性、隔离措施和对家人健康的担忧。第三，身心反应包括与疾病阶段相关的情绪反应、对症状的过度关注、沉思以及饮食、睡眠和行为的改变。第四，支持因素包括心理调整、医疗保健以及家庭和社会支持。最后，疾病导致心理成长，患者通过珍惜生命、家庭、勇敢和坚韧来感恩看待问题。
COVID-19 患者逐渐改变对疾病的态度，并表现出依赖疾病阶段的情绪反应。在早期，负面情绪占主导地位，但逐渐转变为混合的正负情绪。因此，积极引导心理成长可能促进 COVID-19 患者的身心康复。
