Ahmed Farooq, Bhatti Rubina, Malik Najma Iqbal, Haleem Muhammad Sohaib, Rehman Attia, Yousaf Anam, Saleem Muhammad, Kahlid Neelum, Nawaz Rashed, Gong Shaoqing
Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.
BMC Psychol. 2025 Jan 28;13(1):82. doi: 10.1186/s40359-025-02399-4.
COVID-19 is a transmissible and infectious disease with symptoms similar to pneumonia, ranging from moderate to severe. This study investigated the psychological experiences of patients both during their illness and after their recovery.
The study employed purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews to gather insights from 13 COVID-19 survivors (7 women and 6 men). Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis was used to analyze the interview transcripts. Participants ranged in age from 22 to 62 years.
The analysis identified seven main themes of psychological experiences during the illness, each with several sub-themes. Key themes included denial of the disease, uncertainty about the illness, and psychological distress, which had sub-themes of depression and stress. Other themes included death anxiety, perceived social stigma (with loneliness as a sub-theme), exposure to infection (with restrictions as a sub-theme), and coping strategies (which encompassed active coping and avoidant coping). For experiences post-recovery, two main themes emerged, with eight sub-themes. The first was post-traumatic growth, which included attachment to God, acceptance of death, gratitude (toward God), trust in interpersonal relationships, gratitude toward people, and the significance of life. The second theme was delayed resilience, which involved recovery from insomnia and post-COVID psychological distress.
The study concluded that surviving COVID-19 involves significant psychological challenges both during the illness and after recovery. These insights are valuable for psychologists and counselors in addressing the emotional and mental health needs of COVID-19 patients.
新冠病毒病（COVID-19）是一种具有传染性的疾病，症状类似于肺炎，程度从中度到重度不等。本研究调查了患者在患病期间及康复后的心理体验。
本研究采用目的抽样和半结构化访谈，以收集13名新冠病毒病康复者（7名女性和6名男性）的见解。采用解释现象学分析方法对访谈记录进行分析。参与者年龄在22岁至62岁之间。
分析确定了患病期间心理体验的七个主要主题，每个主题都有几个子主题。关键主题包括对疾病的否认、对病情的不确定性以及心理困扰，其包含抑郁和压力等子主题。其他主题包括死亡焦虑、感知到的社会耻辱感（以孤独为子主题）、接触感染（以限制为子主题）以及应对策略（包括积极应对和回避应对）。对于康复后的体验，出现了两个主要主题，有八个子主题。第一个是创伤后成长，包括对上帝的依恋、对死亡的接受、感恩（向上帝）、对人际关系的信任、对他人的感恩以及生命的意义。第二个主题是延迟恢复力，涉及从失眠和新冠病毒病后心理困扰中恢复。
该研究得出结论，新冠病毒病康复者在患病期间和康复后都面临重大的心理挑战。这些见解对于心理学家和咨询师满足新冠病毒病患者的情感和心理健康需求具有重要价值。
