Hall A H, Rumack B H
J Emerg Med. 1987;5(2):115-21. doi: 10.1016/0736-4679(87)90074-6.
Severe, acute cyanide poisoning is uncommon and can be very difficult to diagnose if a history of exposure is unavailable. Victims of smoke inhalation may have significant cyanide poisoning as well as carbon monoxide toxicity. The Lilly Cyanide Antidote Kit currently available in America unfortunately has its own inherent toxicity. An efficacious antidote lacking toxicity is desirable, especially in cases where the diagnosis of cyanide poisoning cannot be made with certainty. Hydroxycobalamin/sodium thiosulfate has been used in France since 1970. Both components have been shown to be safe and efficacious in animal studies. Case reports of human cyanide poisoning treated with hydroxycobalamin/sodium thiosulfate have been published only in French. Animal and human data on the use of this antidotal combination are reviewed. Hydroxycobalamin/sodium thiosulfate is an efficacious cyanide antidote with little inherent toxicity.
严重急性氰化物中毒并不常见，如果没有接触史则很难诊断。吸入烟雾的受害者可能同时存在严重的氰化物中毒和一氧化碳中毒。美国目前可用的礼来氰化物解毒套件不幸有其自身固有的毒性。理想的是有一种无毒的有效解毒剂，尤其是在无法确定诊断氰化物中毒的情况下。自1970年以来，羟钴胺/硫代硫酸钠已在法国使用。在动物研究中，这两种成分均已证明是安全有效的。仅用法语发表了用羟钴胺/硫代硫酸钠治疗人类氰化物中毒的病例报告。本文综述了关于使用这种解毒剂组合的动物和人类数据。羟钴胺/硫代硫酸钠是一种有效的氰化物解毒剂，固有毒性很小。
