Gray Lesley, Rushton Ashleigh, Hobbs Matthew
Department of Primary Health Care & General Practice, University of Otago, Wellington, 6242, Aotearoa, New Zealand.
Joint Centre for Disaster Research, Massey University, Wellington, Aotearoa, New Zealand.
Int J Disaster Risk Reduct. 2020 Dec;51:101859. doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101859. Epub 2020 Sep 12.
People have been left behind in disasters directly associated with their size, shape, and weight and are disproportionately impacted in pandemics. Despite alignment with known vulnerabilities such as poverty, age, and disability, the literature is inaudible on body mass. Emergency managers report little or no information on body mass prevalence. This exploratory study aimed to illustrate population prevalence of high body mass for emergency planning.
Cross-sectional data from the New Zealand Health Survey were pooled for the years 2013/14-2017/18 (n = 68 053 adults aged ≥15 years). Height and weight were measured and used to calculate body mass index. The prevalence of high body mass were mapped to emergency management boundary shapefiles. The resulting maps were piloted with emergency managers.
Maps highlight the population prevalence of high body mass across emergency management regions, providing a visual tool. A pilot with 14 emergency managers assessed the utility of such mapping. On the basis of the visual information, the tool prompted 12 emergency managers to consider such groups in regional planning and to discuss needs.
Visual mapping is a useful tool to highlight population prevalence of groups likely to be at higher risk in disasters. This is believed to be the first study to map high body mass for the purposes of emergency planning. Future research is required to identify prevalence at a finer geographical scale. More features in the local context such as physical location features, risk and vulnerability features could also be included in future research.
人们因其体型、身材和体重在直接相关的灾害中被落下，并且在大流行中受到的影响尤为严重。尽管与贫困、年龄和残疾等已知脆弱性因素相符，但关于体重的文献却很少提及。应急管理人员报告的关于体重患病率的信息很少或几乎没有。这项探索性研究旨在说明高体重人群的患病率，以用于应急规划。
汇总了2013/14年至2017/18年新西兰健康调查的横断面数据（n = 68053名年龄≥15岁的成年人）。测量身高和体重并用于计算体重指数。将高体重患病率映射到应急管理边界形状文件。生成的地图在应急管理人员中进行了试点。
地图突出显示了各应急管理区域高体重人群的患病率，提供了一种可视化工具。对14名应急管理人员进行的试点评估了这种绘图的实用性。基于视觉信息，该工具促使12名应急管理人员在区域规划中考虑此类群体并讨论需求。
可视化绘图是一种有用的工具，可突出显示在灾害中可能面临更高风险的人群的患病率。据信这是第一项为应急规划目的绘制高体重人群地图的研究。未来需要进行研究，以确定更精细地理尺度上的患病率。未来的研究还可以纳入当地背景中的更多特征，如地理位置特征、风险和脆弱性特征。
