Rappaport Brent I, Barch Deanna M
Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2020 Nov;118:784-808. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.09.012. Epub 2020 Sep 18.
Problems with interpersonal relationships are often a chief complaint among those seeking psychiatric treatment; yet heterogeneity and homogeneity across disorders suggests both common and unique mechanisms of impaired interpersonal relationships. Basic science research has begun yielding insights into how the brain responds to social feedback. Understanding how these processes differ as a function of psychopathology can begin to inform the mechanisms that give rise to such interpersonal dysfunction, potentially helping to identify differential treatment targets. We reviewed 46 studies that measured the relationship between brain responses to social feedback and internalizing psychopathology. We found that socially relevant anxiety was associated with amygdala hyperactivity to the anticipation of social feedback. Depression was related to hyperreactivity of regions in the cingulo-opercular network to negative social feedback. Borderline personality disorder (BPD) was associated with hyperactivity of regions in the default mode network to negative social feedback. The review also identified key insights into methodological limitations and potential future directions for the field.
人际关系问题常常是寻求精神治疗者的主要诉求；然而，不同精神障碍中的异质性和同质性表明，人际关系受损存在共同和独特的机制。基础科学研究已开始揭示大脑对社会反馈的反应方式。了解这些过程如何因精神病理学而有所不同，有助于揭示导致这种人际功能障碍的机制，可能有助于确定不同的治疗靶点。我们回顾了46项测量大脑对社会反馈的反应与内化性精神病理学之间关系的研究。我们发现，与社交相关的焦虑与杏仁核对社会反馈预期的过度活跃有关。抑郁症与扣带回-脑岛网络区域对负面社会反馈的过度反应有关。边缘型人格障碍（BPD）与默认模式网络区域对负面社会反馈的过度活跃有关。该综述还指出了该领域方法学局限性的关键见解以及潜在的未来方向。
