Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Translational Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2020 Dec;66:207-216. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.08.012. Epub 2020 Sep 18.
Synthetic biology, when combined with immunoengineering (designated synthetic immunology), has enabled the invention of an arsenal of genetically encoded synthetic devices and systems to reprogram cells for therapeutic purposes. The engineered intelligent cells can serve as 'living' drugs to treat a wide range of human diseases including cancer, disorders of the immune system, and infectious diseases. As the most successful example, cells of the immune system engineered with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have shown curative potentials for the treatment of hematological malignancies. We present herein emerging approaches of designing smart CARs to improve their safety, specificity and efficacy in cellular immunotherapy, and describe latest advances in applying CAR-engineered immune cells to target cancer and autoimmune diseases.
合成生物学与免疫工程（指定为合成免疫学）相结合，使人们能够发明出一系列遗传编码的合成设备和系统，以用于治疗目的对细胞进行重新编程。经过工程设计的智能细胞可以作为“活体”药物，用于治疗包括癌症、免疫系统紊乱和传染病在内的多种人类疾病。作为最成功的例子，经过嵌合抗原受体（CAR）工程设计的免疫细胞在血液恶性肿瘤的治疗中显示出了治愈潜力。本文介绍了设计智能 CAR 的新兴方法，以提高其在细胞免疫治疗中的安全性、特异性和疗效，并描述了将 CAR 工程免疫细胞应用于癌症和自身免疫性疾病靶点的最新进展。
