Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
Dev Psychopathol. 2022 Feb;34(1):1-17. doi: 10.1017/S0954579420001042. Epub 2020 Sep 22.
Child self-regulation (SR), a key indicator for later optimal developmental outcomes, may be compromised in the presence of parental mental disorders, especially those characterized by affective dysregulation. However, positive parental behaviors have been shown to buffer against such negative effects, especially during infancy when SR shows great plasticity to environmental inputs. The current study investigated the effect of maternal and paternal lifetime and current internalizing disorders on the developmental trajectory of infant SR from 3 to 24 months, and the potential moderating role of positive parental behaviors. A latent growth model revealed that SR increased overall from 3 to 24 months. Mothers' positive parental behaviors demonstrated significant moderation effects, such that maternal lifetime internalizing disorder was associated with higher SR intercept only among those with low levels of positive parental behavior. Mothers' lifetime internalizing disorder was also associated with a lower linear slope in SR development with a moderate effect size. Fathers' current internalizing disorder was significantly associated with a higher intercept and lower linear slope of the SR trajectory. The current study expands the infant SR literature by describing its early developmental trajectory as well as early risk and protective factors within the parent-infant environment, taking into consideration developmental inputs from both parents.
儿童自我调节（SR）是后期最佳发展结果的关键指标，在存在父母精神障碍的情况下，尤其是那些以情感失调为特征的障碍时，可能会受到影响。然而，积极的父母行为已被证明可以缓冲这种负面影响，尤其是在婴儿期，SR 对环境输入具有很大的可塑性。本研究调查了母亲和父亲的终身和当前的内化障碍对婴儿 SR 从 3 个月到 24 个月的发展轨迹的影响，以及积极的父母行为的潜在调节作用。潜在增长模型显示，从 3 个月到 24 个月，SR 总体上呈上升趋势。母亲的积极父母行为表现出显著的调节作用，例如，只有在积极父母行为水平较低的情况下，母亲的终身内化障碍才与较高的 SR 截距相关。母亲的终身内化障碍也与 SR 发展的线性斜率较低有关，具有中等效应大小。父亲当前的内化障碍与 SR 轨迹的截距较高和线性斜率较低显著相关。本研究通过描述其早期发展轨迹以及父母-婴儿环境内的早期风险和保护因素，扩展了婴儿 SR 文献，同时考虑了来自父母双方的发展投入。
