Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
Geriatric Department, Igurco Servicios Socio Sanitarios, Grupo IMQ, 48011 Bilbao, Spain.
Nutrients. 2020 Sep 18;12(9):2855. doi: 10.3390/nu12092855.
Nutritional status is relevant to functional recovery in patients after an acute process requiring rehabilitation. Nevertheless, little is known about the impact of malnutrition on geriatric rehabilitation. This study aimed to determine the association between nutritional status at admission and the evolution of functional and physical outcomes, as well as the capability of nutritional status to identify fallers among patients admitted to geriatric rehabilitation for different reasons. This was a retrospective cohort study of 375 patients. Data collected included age, gender, diagnosis at admission, comorbidities, cognitive and nutritional status, functional and physical measurements, length of stay, mortality and falls. Orthogeriatric patients with worse nutritional status according to the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) had a significantly lower Barthel Index at admission and discharge with worse functional gain and poorer outcomes in the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). However, in hospital-deconditioned patients, the MNA-SF score was not significantly associated with functional and physical recovery. Poor nutritional status at admission increased the risk of experiencing at least one fall during rehabilitation in orthogeriatric patients. However, hospital-deconditioned patients who fell had better SPPB scores than those who did not fall. Our results demonstrate the importance of nutritional status in the clinical evolution of orthogeriatric patients throughout the rehabilitation process.
营养状况与需要康复的急性病程后的患者的功能恢复相关。然而，对于营养不良对老年康复的影响知之甚少。本研究旨在确定入院时的营养状况与功能和身体结果的演变之间的关系，以及营养状况识别因不同原因入院接受老年康复的患者中跌倒者的能力。这是一项对 375 名患者的回顾性队列研究。收集的数据包括年龄、性别、入院诊断、合并症、认知和营养状况、功能和身体测量、住院时间、死亡率和跌倒。根据 Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) 评估，营养状况较差的骨科老年患者在入院时和出院时的 Barthel 指数明显较低，功能增益较差，Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) 结果较差。然而，在医院失能患者中，MNA-SF 评分与功能和身体恢复没有显著相关性。入院时的营养状况较差增加了在骨科老年患者康复期间至少经历一次跌倒的风险。然而，跌倒的医院失能患者的 SPPB 评分高于未跌倒的患者。我们的研究结果表明，营养状况在整个康复过程中对骨科老年患者的临床演变非常重要。
