Carney Robert, Howells Michaela, Tanumafili Aaone, Matalavea Athena, Gafa Judith, Leausa Toleafoa Dr Take Naseri
Samoa Ministry of Health, Apia, Samoa.
Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Wilmington, North Carolina, United States of America.
Western Pac Surveill Response J. 2020 Mar 31;11(1):1-6. doi: 10.5365/wpsar.2019.10.2.004. eCollection 2020 Jan-Mar.
In Samoa, the seroprevalence rates of sexually transmitted infections other than HIV have been endemically high over the past decade, despite years of prevention programming. Odds ratio and χ tests were conducted to compare the rates of positivity of chlamydia, gonorrhoea, hepatitis B and C, and syphilis across age groups from 2012 and 2017 surveillance data in Samoa. Young people aged 15-19 years were significantly more likely to have a chlamydia infection compared to all other age groups in both 2012 and 2017. Hepatitis B infections were more common in males and those aged 30 and above in both 2012 and 2017. Hepatitis C had no significant differences in age, but it was more common in males in 2012 and more common in females in 2017. Older age groups (aged 45 and above) were more likely to have a positive syphilis test in both 2014 and 2017 when compared to those aged 15-24 years. The results of this analysis confirm previously observed trends in Samoa for younger age groups' prevalence of chlamydia and gonorrhoea, and for older age groups' prevalence of hepatitis B and C. But the analysis also unexpectedly found that older age groups (aged 45 and above) are more likely to test positive for syphilis (for years 2014 and 2017). Further studies are needed to assess behavioural risk factors associated with older populations to explain the increase in risk and to design interventions suited to this demographic.
在萨摩亚，尽管多年来一直在开展预防项目，但在过去十年中，除艾滋病毒外的性传播感染血清流行率一直居高不下。利用2012年和2017年萨摩亚监测数据，通过比值比和χ检验比较各年龄组衣原体、淋病、乙型和丙型肝炎以及梅毒的阳性率。在2012年和2017年，15至19岁的年轻人感染衣原体的可能性明显高于所有其他年龄组。在2012年和2017年，乙型肝炎感染在男性和30岁及以上人群中更为常见。丙型肝炎在年龄上没有显著差异，但在2012年男性中更为常见，在2017年女性中更为常见。与15至24岁的人群相比，在2014年和2017年，年龄较大的人群（45岁及以上）梅毒检测呈阳性的可能性更大。该分析结果证实了萨摩亚此前观察到的年轻年龄组衣原体和淋病流行趋势，以及老年年龄组乙型和丙型肝炎流行趋势。但该分析还意外发现，年龄较大的人群（45岁及以上）梅毒检测呈阳性的可能性更大（2014年和2017年）。需要进一步研究以评估与老年人群相关的行为风险因素，以解释风险增加的原因，并设计适合该人群的干预措施。
