Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shibin Elkom, 32511, Egypt.
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini st., Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
Food Funct. 2020 Sep 23;11(9):8214-8236. doi: 10.1039/d0fo01796e.
The stem (S), leaf (L) and fruit peel (P) of Murcott mandarins were separately extracted using 80% ethanol and then fractionated into dichloromethane (DCM) and ethyl acetate (ET). Their metabolic profiles were studied via HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS and afforded a tentative characterization of 98 compounds, including free organic acids, phenolic acid derivatives, flavonoid aglycones, flavonoid glycosides, flavonoids containing 3-hydroxyl-3-methylglutaroyl (HMG) units, coumarin derivatives and limonoids. Column chromatography resulted in isolation of six metabolites for the first time that were identified as nobiletin (C1), isosinensetin (C2), limonin (C3), 4'-demethylnobiletin (C4), stigmasterol-O-glucoside (C5) and hesperidin (C6). In vitro studies of the anti-inflammatory activity of DCM-L against cyclooxygenases (COXs) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) enzymes revealed that DCM-L showed higher activity than the other tested fractions. The in vivo gastroprotective effects of that fraction were evaluated using alcohol-induced gastric ulcers in rats. The obtained findings validated the gastroprotective and anti-ulcerogenic activities of DCM-L through its anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects. Therefore, we recommend the use of Murcott mandarin leaves as a part of a protection strategy for gastric ulcer.
沃柑的茎（S）、叶（L）和果皮（P）分别用 80%乙醇提取，然后用二氯甲烷（DCM）和乙酸乙酯（ET）进行萃取。通过 HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS 研究了它们的代谢谱，鉴定了 98 种化合物，包括游离有机酸、酚酸衍生物、类黄酮苷元、类黄酮糖苷、含 3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰基（HMG）单元的黄酮类、香豆素衍生物和柠檬苦素。柱色谱首次分离出 6 种代谢物，分别鉴定为诺贝他林（C1）、异补骨脂素（C2）、柠檬苦素（C3）、4'-去甲诺贝他林（C4）、豆甾醇-O-葡萄糖苷（C5）和橙皮苷（C6）。DCM-L 对环氧化酶（COXs）和 5-脂氧合酶（5-LOX）的抗炎活性的体外研究表明，DCM-L 比其他测试的馏分具有更高的活性。通过在大鼠中进行乙醇诱导的胃溃疡来评估该馏分的体内胃保护作用。研究结果通过其抗焦虑、抗炎、抗氧化和抗凋亡作用验证了 DCM-L 的胃保护和抗溃疡作用。因此，我们建议将沃柑叶作为预防胃溃疡的保护策略的一部分。
