Central Institute for Labour Protection, National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB), Poland.
Ind Health. 2020 Dec 4;58(6):503-519. doi: 10.2486/indhealth.2020-0130. Epub 2020 Sep 24.
The aim of this study was to identify effective work place intervention strategies for the prevention of low back pain (LBP). The study focused on interventions to two major groups: personal interventions and technical interventions. Data basis were searched for with inclusion criteria: study design based on randomised controlled trial; outcome measures including non-specific LBP occurrence expressed by prevalence or intensity; intervention met the definition of the technical and/or personal (physical exercises, behavioural training, educational) intervention programme. Eighteen papers were selected for full analysis. The diversification of quantitative indicators of differences between control and intervention groups were carried out using Cohen's d index. The results of analysis showed strong differences in effects among intervention strategies, as well as among different cases within similar intervention strategies. LBP severity before intervention and the length of intervention were discussed as potentially influencing factors. The results of the analysis suggest that the most effective strategies for LBP prevention include technical modifications of the workstand and education based on practical training. Behavioural and physical training seems to be of lesser importance. LBP severity before intervention and the time when the measurements of outcome measures take place play an important role in the effectiveness of intervention.
本研究旨在确定预防下背痛（LBP）的有效工作场所干预策略。研究集中在对两个主要群体的干预：个人干预和技术干预。纳入标准为：研究设计基于随机对照试验；结局指标包括非特异性 LBP 的发生率（用流行率或强度表示）；干预符合技术和/或个人（运动、行为训练、教育）干预方案的定义。选择了 18 篇全文进行分析。使用 Cohen's d 指数对对照组和干预组之间的定量指标差异进行了多样化分析。分析结果表明，干预策略之间以及类似干预策略中的不同案例之间的效果存在很大差异。干预前 LBP 严重程度和干预时间被认为是潜在的影响因素。分析结果表明，预防 LBP 最有效的策略包括工作位的技术修改和基于实际培训的教育。行为和身体训练的效果似乎较小。干预前 LBP 严重程度和测量结局措施的时间对干预效果起着重要作用。
