Kajiki Shigeyuki, Izumi Hiroyuki, Hayashida Kenshi, Kusumoto Akira, Nagata Tomohisa, Mori Koji
Department of Occupational Health Practice and Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Science, University of Occupational and Environmental Health.
Department of Ergonomics, Institute of Industrial Ecological Science, University of Occupational and Environmental Health.
J Occup Health. 2017 May 25;59(3):256-266. doi: 10.1539/joh.16-0244-OA. Epub 2017 Mar 17.
This study aimed to determine the effects of participatory workplace improvement (PWI) -based provision of ergonomic training and ergonomic action checklists (ACLs) to on-site managers on workplace improvement activities for low back pain (LBP).
A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted at a manufacturing company in Japan. Teams entered in the study were randomly assigned to a control and an intervention group. A total of three interventional training sessions on methods of ergonomics were provided to on-site managers in the intervention group, with 1-month intervals between sessions. Ergonomic ACLs were provided at the same time. After completion of the training sessions, each team then provided a report of improvements each month for the next 10 months. Two people in charge of safety and health chose two major objectives of the implemented activities from the five categories. The reported number of improvements was analyzed using a Poisson regression model.
In the intervention group, although the incident rate ratio (IRR) of PWIs in countermeasures for the LBP category was significantly elevated after the training sessions, the IRR of improvements decreased over time during the 10-month follow-up period. No significant difference was observed in the IRR of total PWIs in either the control or intervention group.
PWI-based provision of ergonomic training sessions and ergonomics ACLs to on-site managers was shown to be effective for workplace improvement activities targeted at LBP. However, because the effects decrease over time, efforts should be made to maintain the effects through regular interventions.
本研究旨在确定基于参与式工作场所改进（PWI）向现场管理人员提供人体工程学培训和人体工程学行动检查表（ACL）对腰痛（LBP）工作场所改进活动的影响。
在日本一家制造公司进行了一项随机对照试验（RCT）。参与研究的团队被随机分为对照组和干预组。对干预组的现场管理人员总共提供了三次关于人体工程学方法的干预培训课程，课程间隔为1个月。同时提供人体工程学ACL。培训课程结束后，每个团队在接下来的10个月里每月提供一份改进报告。两名安全与健康负责人从五个类别中选择已实施活动的两个主要目标。使用泊松回归模型分析报告的改进数量。
在干预组中，尽管培训课程后LBP类别对策中PWI的发生率比（IRR）显著升高，但在10个月的随访期内，改进的IRR随时间下降。对照组和干预组中总PWI的IRR均未观察到显著差异。
向现场管理人员基于PWI提供人体工程学培训课程和人体工程学ACL被证明对针对LBP的工作场所改进活动有效。然而，由于效果随时间下降，应努力通过定期干预来维持效果。
