Larivière M, Beauvais B, Derouin F, Basset D, Basset A, Sarfati C
Ann Med Interne (Paris). 1987;138(1):49-51.
Ivermectin is a synthetic derivative of a macrocyclic lactone produced by an actinomycete Streptomyces avermitilis. It has a broad spectrum antiparasitic activity against nematodes and certain acarians in animals. The microfilaricide action of this product against horse and cattle onchocercosis led to the study of its effects in human onchocercosis against O. volvulus. Several trials performed mainly in endemic zones of Africa showed that this drug was more effective than the reference microfilaricide, diethylcarbamazine. A single oral dose of 200 micrograms/kg of Ivermectin reduces the dermal microfilaria population to nearly zero within a few days and the effect is maintained for at least 6 months. Secondary ocular or systemic effects are rare, negligible and transitory. The prolonged elimination of dermal microfilariasis caused by sequestration followed by degeneration of the microfilaria in the uterus of females raises the hope that Ivermectin used in a single annual or bi-annual dose will contribute to the interruption of the transmission of this serious parasitic disease.
伊维菌素是由放线菌阿维链霉菌产生的大环内酯的合成衍生物。它对动物体内的线虫和某些蜱螨具有广谱抗寄生虫活性。该产品对马和牛盘尾丝虫病的杀微丝蚴作用促使人们研究其对人类盘尾丝虫病（针对旋盘尾丝虫）的效果。主要在非洲流行区进行的多项试验表明，这种药物比参考杀微丝蚴剂乙胺嗪更有效。单次口服200微克/千克的伊维菌素可在几天内将皮肤微丝蚴数量降至几乎为零，且效果至少维持6个月。继发性眼部或全身效应罕见、可忽略不计且为短暂性。由于微丝蚴在雌性子宫内被隔离后退化而导致的皮肤微丝蚴病的长期消除，让人们希望每年或每两年使用一次伊维菌素将有助于阻断这种严重寄生虫病的传播。
