Udoh Roseline H, Tahiru Mohammed, Ansu-Mensah Monica, Bawontuo Vitalis, Danquah Frederick Inkum, Kuupiel Desmond
Faculty of Health & Allied Sciences, Catholic University College of Ghana-Fiapre, Sunyani, Ghana.
Research for Sustainable Development Consult, Sunyani, Ghana.
Arch Public Health. 2020 Sep 22;78:84. doi: 10.1186/s13690-020-00452-9. eCollection 2020.
Breast cancer (BC) is a non-communicable disease with increased morbidity and mortality. Early detection of BC contributes to prompt linkage to care and reduction of complications associated with BC. Breast self-examination (BSE) is useful for detecting breast abnormalities particularly in settings with poor access to healthcare for clinical breast examination and mammography. Therefore, we mapped evidence on women's knowledge, attitude, and practice of BSE in sub-Sahara Africa (SSA).
We conducted a systematic scoping review using Arskey and O'Malleys' framework as a guide. We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and Science Direct databases for relevant studies on women's knowledge, attitude and practice on BSE. Studies included in the review were from SSA countries as defined by the World Health Organization published from 2008 to May 2019. Two reviewers independently screened the articles at the abstract and full-text screening guided by inclusion and exclusion criteria. All relevant data were extracted, and a thematic analysis conducted. The themes were collated, and a narrative summary of the findings reported.
Of the 264 potentially eligible articles identified from 595,144, only 21 met the inclusion criteria and were included for data extraction. These included studies were conducted in 7 countries of which 11 were conducted in Nigeria; two each in Ethiopia, Ghana, Cameroon, and Uganda; and one each in Kenya and Sudan. Of the 21 included studies, 18 studies reported evidence on BSE knowledge and practice; two on only knowledge; one on only practice only; and six presented evidence on women's attitude towards BSE. The study findings suggest varying knowledge levels on BSE among women in SSA countries. The study findings also suggest that BSE practice is still a challenge in SSA.
There is a paucity of published literature on women's knowledge, practice, and attitude of BSE in SSA. Hence, this study recommends further studies on knowledge, practice, and attitude of BSE, to identify contextual challenges and provide evidence-based solutions to improve women's knowledge, practice, and attitude of BSE in SSA.
乳腺癌是一种发病率和死亡率不断上升的非传染性疾病。早期发现乳腺癌有助于及时获得治疗并减少与乳腺癌相关的并发症。乳房自我检查对于发现乳房异常很有用，尤其是在难以获得医疗服务进行临床乳房检查和乳房X光检查的地区。因此，我们梳理了撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）地区女性关于乳房自我检查的知识、态度和实践的证据。
我们以阿斯基和奥马利的框架为指导进行了系统的范围综述。我们在PubMed、谷歌学术、CINAHL和科学Direct数据库中搜索了关于女性乳房自我检查知识、态度和实践的相关研究。纳入综述的研究来自世界卫生组织定义的撒哈拉以南非洲国家，发表时间为2008年至2019年5月。两名评审员在纳入和排除标准的指导下，独立对文章进行摘要和全文筛选。提取所有相关数据，并进行主题分析。整理主题，并报告研究结果的叙述性总结。
在从595,144篇文章中确定的264篇潜在符合条件的文章中，只有21篇符合纳入标准并被纳入数据提取。这些研究在7个国家进行，其中11项在尼日利亚进行；埃塞俄比亚、加纳、喀麦隆和乌干达各有两项；肯尼亚和苏丹各有一项。在纳入的21项研究中，18项研究报告了乳房自我检查知识和实践的证据；两项仅涉及知识；一项仅涉及实践；六项提供了女性对乳房自我检查态度的证据。研究结果表明，撒哈拉以南非洲国家女性对乳房自我检查的知识水平各不相同。研究结果还表明，乳房自我检查实践在撒哈拉以南非洲仍然是一项挑战。
关于撒哈拉以南非洲女性乳房自我检查的知识、实践和态度的已发表文献很少。因此，本研究建议进一步研究乳房自我检查的知识、实践和态度，以确定背景挑战，并提供基于证据的解决方案，以提高撒哈拉以南非洲女性对乳房自我检查的知识、实践和态度。
