Department of Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, Guangdong, China.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Jieyang Polytechnic, Jieyang, 522000, Guangdong, China.
Ecotoxicology. 2021 Sep;30(7):1476-1486. doi: 10.1007/s10646-020-02281-6. Epub 2020 Sep 27.
Bamboo shoot shell (BSS), as agricultural waste, is mostly burned or discarded, causing serious environment pollution. In this study, the degradation and utilization of BSS by the edible fungus Volvariella Volvacea was investigated. The composition of V. volvacea fruit body was determined by HPLC-MS, GC-MS and ICP-OES. The activities of CMCase and xylanase were monitored by DNS (3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid) method. Laccase activity was assayed by the oxidation reaction of ABTS [2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate)]. The degraded bamboo shoot shell powder was characterized by FTIR and SEM. The results showed that the mycelium of V. volvacea could degrade and utilize BSS for growth. The activities of carboxymethyl cellulase and laccase were increased during the cultivation. At the same time, the physical structure of the shell fiber becames porous and rough. Most of the products of decayed fibers contain alkanes, ethyl or methyl groups. Moreover, the biological efficiency (fruiting body yield) of V. volvacea cultivated on BSS was 1.52-fold higher than that of straw cultivation. The contents of total lipid, elaidic acid (C18:1n-9), total essential amino acids, total amino acids and iron in V. volvacea fruit bodies grown on BSS were 1.11, 1.66, 1.52, 1.60 and 1.30-fold higher than those of straw treatment, respectively. This study provides an effective method to solve the environmental pollution caused by BSS, and provides a new way for the potential utilization of BSS in edible fungi cultivation.
竹屑壳（BSS）作为农业废弃物，大多被焚烧或丢弃，造成严重的环境污染。本研究以可食用的草菇（Volvariella volvacea）为对象，探讨其对 BSS 的降解与利用。采用高效液相色谱-质谱联用（HPLC-MS）、气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱（ICP-OES）分析草菇子实体的成分。通过 DNS（3,5-二硝基水杨酸）法监测羧甲基纤维素酶和木聚糖酶的活性。采用 ABTS [2,2'-联氮-双（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）]氧化反应测定漆酶活性。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对降解后的竹屑壳粉末进行表征。结果表明，草菇菌丝能够降解和利用 BSS 进行生长。在培养过程中，羧甲基纤维素酶和漆酶的活性增加。同时，壳纤维的物理结构变得多孔且粗糙。降解纤维的产物大多含有烷烃、乙基或甲基基团。此外，草菇在 BSS 上的生物效率（子实体产量）比在稻草上的高 1.52 倍。在 BSS 上生长的草菇子实体中的总脂质、油酸（C18:1n-9）、总必需氨基酸、总氨基酸和铁的含量分别比稻草处理组高 1.11、1.66、1.52、1.60 和 1.30 倍。本研究为解决 BSS 造成的环境污染提供了一种有效方法，并为 BSS 在食用菌栽培中的潜在利用提供了新途径。
