Jafari-Vayghan Hamed, Varshosaz Parisa, Hajizadeh-Sharafabad Fatemeh, Razmi Hamid Reza, Amirpour Mahdi, Tavakoli-Rouzbehani Omid Mohammad, Alizadeh Mohammad, Maleki Vahid
Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Faculty of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
Nutr Metab (Lond). 2020 Sep 25;17:80. doi: 10.1186/s12986-020-00503-6. eCollection 2020.
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most important threats to human health in the twenty-first century. The use of complementary and alternative medicine to prevent, control, and reduce the complications of diabetes mellitus is increasing at present. Glutamine amino acid is known as a functional food. The purpose of this systematic review is to determine the potential role of glutamine supplementation on metabolic variables in diabetes mellitus. For this review, PubMed, SCOPUS, Embase, ProQuest, and Google Scholar databases were searched from inception through April 2020. All clinical trial and animal studies assessing the effects of glutamine on diabetes mellitus were eligible for inclusion. 19 studies of 1482 articles met the inclusion criteria. Of the 19 studies, nine studies reported a significant increase in serum GLP-1 levels. Also, eight studies showed reducing in serum levels of fasting blood sugar, four studies reducing in postprandial blood sugar, and triglyceride after glutamine supplementation. Although glutamine resulted in a significant increase in insulin production in seven studies, the findings on Hb-A1c levels were inconclusive. In addition to, despite of the results was promising for the effects of glutamine on weight changes, oxidative stress, and inflammation, more precise clinical trials are needed to obtain more accurate results. In conclusion, glutamine supplementation could improve glycemic control and levels of incretins (such as GLP-1 and GIP) in diabetes mellitus. However, more studies are needed for future studies.
糖尿病是21世纪对人类健康最重要的威胁之一。目前，使用补充和替代医学来预防、控制和减少糖尿病并发症的情况正在增加。谷氨酰胺被认为是一种功能性食品。本系统评价的目的是确定补充谷氨酰胺对糖尿病代谢变量的潜在作用。为了进行本评价，检索了从创刊到2020年4月的PubMed、SCOPUS、Embase、ProQuest和谷歌学术数据库。所有评估谷氨酰胺对糖尿病影响的临床试验和动物研究均符合纳入标准。1482篇文章中的19项研究符合纳入标准。在这19项研究中，9项研究报告血清胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）水平显著升高。此外，8项研究显示补充谷氨酰胺后空腹血糖水平降低，4项研究显示餐后血糖和甘油三酯水平降低。尽管7项研究表明谷氨酰胺可显著增加胰岛素分泌，但关于糖化血红蛋白（Hb-A1c）水平的研究结果尚无定论。此外，尽管谷氨酰胺对体重变化、氧化应激和炎症的影响结果很有前景，但仍需要更精确的临床试验来获得更准确的结果。总之，补充谷氨酰胺可改善糖尿病患者的血糖控制和肠促胰岛素（如GLP-1和葡萄糖依赖性促胰岛素多肽）水平。然而，未来还需要更多的研究。
