Umthong Supawadee, Dunn John R, Cheng Hans H
Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA.
USDA, ARS, US National Poultry Research Center, Avian Disease and Oncology Laboratory, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA.
Vaccines (Basel). 2020 Sep 24;8(4):557. doi: 10.3390/vaccines8040557.
Marek's disease (MD) is a lymphoproliferative disease in chickens caused by Marek's disease virus (MDV), a highly oncogenic alphaherpesvirus. Since 1970, MD has been controlled through widespread vaccination of commercial flocks. However, repeated and unpredictable MD outbreaks continue to occur in vaccinated flocks, indicating the need for a better understanding of MDV pathogenesis to guide improved or alternative control measures. As MDV is an intracellular pathogen that infects and transforms CD4+ T cells, the host cell-mediated immune response is considered to be vital for controlling MDV replication and tumor formation. In this study, we addressed the role of CD8+ T cells in vaccinal protection by widely-used monovalent (SB-1 and HVT) and bivalent (SB-1+HVT) MD vaccines. We established a method to deplete CD8+ T cells in chickens and found that their depletion through injection of anti-CD8 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) increased tumor induction and MD pathology, and reduced vaccinal protection to MD, which supports the important role of CD8+ T cells for both MD and vaccinal protection.
马立克氏病（MD）是由马立克氏病病毒（MDV）引起的鸡的一种淋巴增生性疾病，MDV是一种高度致癌的α疱疹病毒。自1970年以来，通过对商业鸡群广泛接种疫苗来控制MD。然而，在接种疫苗的鸡群中仍不断出现反复且不可预测的MD疫情，这表明需要更好地了解MDV的发病机制，以指导改进或替代控制措施。由于MDV是一种感染并转化CD4 + T细胞的细胞内病原体，宿主细胞介导的免疫反应被认为对控制MDV复制和肿瘤形成至关重要。在本研究中，我们探讨了CD8 + T细胞在广泛使用的单价（SB - 1和HVT）和二价（SB - 1+HVT）MD疫苗的疫苗保护中的作用。我们建立了一种在鸡体内耗尽CD8 + T细胞的方法，发现通过注射抗CD8单克隆抗体（mAb）耗尽它们会增加肿瘤诱导和MD病理学变化，并降低对MD的疫苗保护，这支持了CD8 + T细胞对MD和疫苗保护的重要作用。
