Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, 50-527 Wroclaw, Poland.
Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125993, Russia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Sep 27;17(19):7079. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197079.
Despite relatively clear physiological indicators of old age, little is known about cross-cultural differences in psychological perceptions of the transition to old age. Although recent studies suggest consistency between modern countries, the subjective perception of old age onset in traditional societies remains poorly explored. Therefore, we compared the perception of timing of old age between a traditional tribe of hunter-gatherers (the Hadza) and a Polish sample representing a modern, industrialized population. The results indicate that the Hadza perceive old age onset as being significantly earlier than do the Poles. Furthermore, we found between-gender differences in the Polish sample: men set a lower threshold of old age onset than women. The Hadza showed no between-gender difference. Although the samples were matched for age, a larger proportion of Hadza considered themselves old. We discuss these findings from cultural and demographical perspectives.
尽管有相对明确的衰老生理指标，但对于跨文化的老年心理认知差异却知之甚少。尽管最近的研究表明现代国家之间存在一致性，但传统社会中对老年开始的主观认知仍未得到充分探讨。因此，我们比较了传统狩猎采集部落（哈扎人）和代表现代工业化人口的波兰样本对老年开始的认知。结果表明，哈扎人认为老年开始的时间明显早于波兰人。此外，我们还发现波兰样本中存在性别差异：男性设定的老年开始门槛低于女性。哈扎人则没有性别差异。尽管两个样本的年龄匹配，但更多的哈扎人认为自己已经老了。我们从文化和人口统计学的角度讨论了这些发现。
