摩洛哥全国在校青少年心理困扰的流行率及相关因素。
Prevalence and associated factors of psychological distress among a national sample of in-school adolescents in Morocco.
机构信息
ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa.
出版信息
BMC Psychiatry. 2020 Sep 29;20(1):475. doi: 10.1186/s12888-020-02888-3.
BACKGROUND
The goal of the study was to estimate the prevalence and correlates of psychological distress among adolescent school children in Morocco.
METHODS
Nationally representative cross-sectional data were analysed from 6745 adolescents (15 years median age) that responded to questions on a two-item measure of psychological distress from "2016 Morocco Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS)."
RESULTS
The prevalence of psychological distress was 23.3, 18.0% among males and 29.2% among females. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, female sex, older age, bullying victimization, infrequently physically attacked, frequent participation in physical fights, having no close friends, frequent experience of hunger, parental emotional neglect, parental disrespect of privacy, school truancy, sedentary behaviour and having sustained a single or multiple serious injuries (past year) were associated with psychological distress. In addition, in unadjusted analysis, low peer support, parents never check homework, exposure to passive smoking, substance use (current tobacco use, current cannabis use and ever used amphetamine), frequent soft drink and frequent fast food consumption were positively and fruit and vegetable intake was negatively associated with psychological distress.
CONCLUSION
Almost one in four students reported psychological distress and several associated factors were identified which can aid prevention and control strategies.
背景
本研究旨在评估摩洛哥青少年学生心理困扰的患病率及其相关因素。
方法
对来自 6745 名青少年（中位数年龄为 15 岁）的全国代表性横断面数据进行了分析，这些青少年对“2016 年摩洛哥全球学校学生健康调查（GSHS）”中两项心理困扰问题进行了回答。
结果
心理困扰的患病率为 23.3%，男生为 18.0%，女生为 29.2%。在调整后的逻辑回归分析中，女性、年龄较大、被欺凌、很少被身体攻击、经常参与打架、没有亲密朋友、经常感到饥饿、父母情感忽视、父母不尊重隐私、逃学、久坐行为以及遭受单次或多次严重伤害（过去一年）与心理困扰有关。此外，在未调整分析中，低同伴支持、父母从不检查作业、被动吸烟、物质使用（当前吸烟、当前大麻使用和曾经使用安非他命）、经常喝软饮料和经常吃快餐与心理困扰呈正相关，而水果和蔬菜的摄入与心理困扰呈负相关。
结论
近四分之一的学生报告存在心理困扰，确定了一些相关因素，这有助于制定预防和控制策略。
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