Assefa Hirko, Ali Tilahun, Mussa Ibsa, Misgana Tadesse, Abdi Dawit, Zewudie Abinet, Temesgen Abdi
Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
BMC Psychiatry. 2025 Jan 17;25(1):47. doi: 10.1186/s12888-025-06475-2.
Common mental disorders represent psychiatric co-morbidity in medical illness, which leads to poor adherence to treatment, increased exposure to diagnostic procedures and the cost of treatment, longer hospital stay, and increasing the risk of complications that result in morbidity and mortality among patients admitted to non-psychiatric wards. There is a dearth of evidence related to the prevalence of common mental disorders and associated factors among adult patients admitted to non-psychiatric wards, particularly in the study area. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of common mental disorders and associated factors among adult patients admitted to non-psychiatric wards of public hospitals in the Harari region, eastern Ethiopia.
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 640 randomly selected patients admitted to non-psychiatric wards from November 15 to December 15, 2022. A systematic random sampling technique was employed to select the study participants. Data were collected by interviewer-administered structured and semi-structured questionnaires. Self-report questionnaire (SRQ-20) was used to assess the presence of common mental disorders. The collected data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to STATA version 14 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to evaluate the association between independent and the outcome variable. Variables with a p-value < 0.05 were taken as statistically significant with an adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval.
The prevalence of common mental disorders among adult patients admitted to non-psychiatric wards was found to be 45.3%, with a 95% CI: of 41.3-49.2. Age 41-51 years (AOR = 1.732, 95% CI: 1.030, 2.913), age 51 and above (AOR = 2.429, 95% CI: 1.515, 3.894), staying at hospital for 1-2 weeks (AOR = 1.743, 95% CI: 1.065, 2.853), staying at hospital for more than 4 weeks (AOR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.77, 3.29), history of mental illness (AOR = 5.841, 95% CI: 2.274, 15.004), stressful life events (AOR = 1.876, 95% CI: 1.206, 2.9196), current substance use (AOR = 1.688, 95% CI: 1.75, 2.650), and poor social support (AOR = 2.562, 95% CI:1.166, 5.629) were factors significantly associated with common mental disorders.
The prevalence of common mental disorders among patients admitted to non-psychiatric wards was high. It appears to be significantly associated with age, length of hospital stay, history of mental illness, stressful life events, current substance use, and social support. The study suggested that patients who are admitted to non-psychiatric wards should be screened for common mental disorders and its associated factors as part of routine inpatient care.
常见精神障碍是内科疾病中的精神共病，会导致治疗依从性差、接受诊断程序的次数增加以及治疗费用增加、住院时间延长，并增加入住非精神科病房患者出现并发症的风险，进而导致发病和死亡。关于入住非精神科病房的成年患者中常见精神障碍的患病率及其相关因素，目前证据不足，尤其是在本研究地区。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚东部哈勒里地区公立医院非精神科病房成年患者中常见精神障碍的患病率及其相关因素。
于2022年11月15日至12月15日，对640名随机选取的入住非精神科病房的患者进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。采用系统随机抽样技术选取研究参与者。通过访谈员实施的结构化和半结构化问卷收集数据。使用自评问卷（SRQ-20）评估常见精神障碍的存在情况。将收集到的数据录入Epi-data 3.1版本，并导出到STATA 14版本进行分析。采用双变量和多变量逻辑回归来评估自变量与结果变量之间的关联。p值<0.05的变量被视为具有统计学意义，并给出调整后的比值比和95%置信区间。
入住非精神科病房的成年患者中常见精神障碍的患病率为45.3%，95%置信区间为41.3 - 49.2。年龄在41 - 51岁（调整后的比值比[AOR]=1.732，95%置信区间：1.030，2.913）、51岁及以上（AOR = 2.429，95%置信区间：1.515，3.894）、住院1 - 2周（AOR = 1.743，95%置信区间：1.065，2.853）、住院超过4周（AOR = 2.12，95%置信区间：1.77，3.29）、有精神疾病史（AOR = 5.841，95%置信区间：2.274，15.004）、经历过应激性生活事件（AOR = 1.876，95%置信区间：1.206，2.9196）、目前使用药物（AOR = 1.688，95%置信区间：1.75，2.650）以及社会支持不足（AOR = 2.562，95%置信区间：1.166，5.629）是与常见精神障碍显著相关的因素。
入住非精神科病房患者中常见精神障碍的患病率较高。它似乎与年龄、住院时间、精神疾病史、应激性生活事件、目前使用药物以及社会支持显著相关。该研究表明，作为常规住院护理的一部分，应对入住非精神科病房的患者进行常见精神障碍及其相关因素的筛查。
