Selak Vanessa, Poppe Katrina, Grey Corina, Mehta Suneela, Winter-Smith Julie, Jackson Rod, Wells Sue, Exeter Daniel, Kerr Andrew, Riddell Tania, Harwood Matire
Public Health Physician and Senior Lecturer, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland.
Senior Research Fellow, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland.
N Z Med J. 2020 Sep 4;133(1521):14-27.
In Aotearoa, New Zealand, cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden is greatest among Indigenous Māori, Pacific and Indian people. The aim of this study was to describe CVD risk profiles by ethnicity.
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of a cohort of people aged 35-74 years who had a CVD risk assessment in primary care between 2004 and 2016. Primary care data were supplemented with linked data from regional/national databases. Comparisons between ethnic groups were made using age-adjusted summaries of continuous or categorical data.
475,241 people (43% women) were included. Fourteen percent were Māori, 13% Pacific, 8% Indian, 10% Other Asian and 55% European. Māori and Pacific people had a much higher prevalence of smoking, obesity, heart failure, atrial fibrillation and prior CVD compared with other ethnic groups. Pacific and Indian peoples, and to a lesser extent Māori and Other Asian people, had markedly elevated diabetes prevalence compared with Europeans. Indian men had the highest prevalence of prior coronary heart disease.
Māori and Pacific people experience the most significant inequities in exposure to CVD risk factors compared with other ethnic groups. Indians have a high prevalence of diabetes and coronary heart disease. Strong political commitment and cross-sectoral action to implement effective interventions are urgently needed.
在新西兰奥特亚罗瓦，心血管疾病（CVD）负担在原住民毛利人、太平洋岛民和印度裔人群中最为严重。本研究的目的是按种族描述心血管疾病风险概况。
我们对2004年至2016年间在初级保健机构进行心血管疾病风险评估的35至74岁人群队列进行了横断面分析。初级保健数据辅以来自区域/国家数据库的关联数据。使用连续或分类数据的年龄调整汇总对种族群体之间进行比较。
纳入了475,241人（43%为女性）。14%为毛利人，13%为太平洋岛民，8%为印度裔，10%为其他亚洲人，55%为欧洲人。与其他种族群体相比，毛利人和太平洋岛民吸烟、肥胖、心力衰竭、心房颤动和既往心血管疾病的患病率要高得多。与欧洲人相比，太平洋岛民和印度裔人群，以及程度稍轻的毛利人和其他亚洲人群，糖尿病患病率明显升高。印度裔男性既往冠心病患病率最高。
与其他种族群体相比，毛利人和太平洋岛民在接触心血管疾病风险因素方面存在最显著的不平等。印度裔人群糖尿病和冠心病患病率较高。迫切需要强有力的政治承诺和跨部门行动来实施有效的干预措施。
