Guimarães Eduardo, Baxter-Jones Adam D G, Pereira Sara, Garbeloto Fernando, Freitas Duarte, Janeira Manuel A, Tani Go, Katzmarzyk Peter T, Silva Simonete, Bailey Donald A, Mirwald Robert L, Maia José
CIFI2D, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
Ann Hum Biol. 2020 Jun;47(4):346-354. doi: 10.1080/03014460.2020.1781928.
Data relating physical performance to the timing of the adolescent growth spurt are limited. This study identifies: (i) age-at-peak height velocity (APHV), (ii) physical performance spurt patterns aligned to APHV; and (iii) cross-cultural and time patterns in Canadian, Brazilian and Portuguese boys. A total of 512 boys (131 Canadian, 250 Portuguese and 131 Brazilian), 8-17 years of age were followed serially using longitudinal data. APHV was identified and five physical performance measures velocities [trunk extension (TE), trunk flexion (TF), standing long jump (SLJ), curl-ups (CU) and handgrip strength (HG)] were aligned at 6-month intervals, 4 years around the attainment of PHV. Velocities were estimated using a non-smooth mathematical procedure. APHV was 13.9 ± 1.0, 13.4 ± 1.6 and 13.0 ± 0.8 years for Canadian, Brazilian and Portuguese boys, respectively. Maximal velocity in SLJ was attained between 12 and 6 months prior to PHV. For HG, peaks were attained 12-24 months after PHV. Maximal velocity in TE occurred between 12 and 0 months prior to PHV, while CU peaked between PHV and 6 months after PHV. Patterns of spurts in physical performance have remained relatively the same and do not appear to be influenced by cross-cultural differences.
关于身体机能与青少年生长突增时间关系的数据有限。本研究确定了：（i）身高增长峰值速度时的年龄（APHV）；（ii）与APHV一致的身体机能突增模式；以及（iii）加拿大、巴西和葡萄牙男孩的跨文化和时间模式。对总共512名8至17岁的男孩（131名加拿大人、250名葡萄牙人和131名巴西人）使用纵向数据进行连续跟踪。确定了APHV，并在达到PHV前后4年的时间里，每隔6个月对五项身体机能测量指标的速度[躯干伸展（TE）、躯干屈曲（TF）、立定跳远（SLJ）、仰卧起坐（CU）和握力（HG）]进行比对。速度采用非平滑数学程序进行估算。加拿大、巴西和葡萄牙男孩的APHV分别为13.9±1.0岁、13.4±1.6岁和13.0±0.8岁。SLJ的最大速度在PHV前12至6个月达到。对于HG，在PHV后12至24个月达到峰值。TE的最大速度在PHV前12至0个月出现，而CU在PHV和PHV后6个月之间达到峰值。身体机能突增模式相对保持不变，似乎不受跨文化差异的影响。
