Li Ran, Yang Peng, Li Ming, Fang Wenwen, Yue Xiangpeng, Nanaei Hojjat Asadollahpour, Gan Shangquan, Du Duo, Cai Yudong, Dai Xuelei, Yang Qimeng, Cao Chunna, Deng Weidong, He Sangang, Li Wenrong, Ma Runlin, Liu Mingjun, Jiang Yu
Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China.
Sci China Life Sci. 2021 Jul;64(7):1116-1130. doi: 10.1007/s11427-020-1807-0. Epub 2020 Sep 24.
The Y chromosome plays key roles in male fertility and reflects the evolutionary history of paternal lineages. Here, we present a de novo genome assembly of the Hu sheep with the first draft assembly of ovine Y chromosome (oMSY), using nanopore sequencing and Hi-C technologies. The oMSY that we generated spans 10.6 Mb from which 775 Y-SNPs were identified by applying a large panel of whole genome sequences from worldwide sheep and wild Iranian mouflons. Three major paternal lineages (HY1a, HY1b and HY2) were defined across domestic sheep, of which HY2 was newly detected. Surprisingly, HY2 forms a monophyletic clade with the Iranian mouflons and is highly divergent from both HY1a and HY1b. Demographic analysis of Y chromosomes, mitochondrial and nuclear genomes confirmed that HY2 and the maternal counterpart of lineage C represented a distinct wild mouflon population in Iran that diverge from the direct ancestor of domestic sheep, the wild mouflons in Southeastern Anatolia. Our results suggest that wild Iranian mouflons had introgressed into domestic sheep and thereby introduced this Iranian mouflon specific lineage carrying HY2 to both East Asian and Africa sheep populations.
Y染色体在雄性生育中起着关键作用，并反映了父系谱系的进化历史。在此，我们利用纳米孔测序和Hi-C技术，首次对绵羊Y染色体（oMSY）进行了草图组装，完成了湖羊的从头基因组组装。我们生成的oMSY跨度为10.6 Mb，通过应用来自世界各地绵羊和伊朗野生摩弗伦羊的大量全基因组序列，从中鉴定出775个Y-SNP。在所有家养绵羊中定义了三个主要父系谱系（HY1a、HY1b和HY2），其中HY2是新检测到的。令人惊讶的是，HY2与伊朗摩弗伦羊形成一个单系分支，并且与HY1a和HY1b都高度不同。对Y染色体、线粒体和核基因组的群体遗传学分析证实，HY2和C系的母系对应群体代表了伊朗一个独特的野生摩弗伦羊种群，该种群与家养绵羊的直接祖先——安纳托利亚东南部的野生摩弗伦羊有所分化。我们的结果表明，伊朗野生摩弗伦羊曾渗入到家养绵羊中，从而将携带HY2的这种伊朗摩弗伦羊特有的谱系引入了东亚和非洲的绵羊群体。
