SRH Kliniken Landkreis Sigmaringen, Hohenzollernstraße 40, 72488 Sigmaringen, Germany.
Departamento Ingeniería Rural, Ed Leonardo da Vinci, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Sep 28;17(19):7088. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197088.
Airborne pathogens and non-malignant infectious diseases such as tuberculosis are highly contagious and can have severe effects on healthcare workers. The symptoms of these diseases take time to manifest, which can prevent workers from noticing that they have been exposed until symptoms appear. The current paper sought to assess the occupational safety and preventative measures taken in laboratories in Spain, and to compare these measures with those reported by other studies worldwide. A cross-sectional study of workers (35-50 years old) was conducted using a web survey ( = 30), and a bibliometric analysis was carried out in the Scopus database (92 documents were selected). The occupational safety and health measures were inadequate, according to the opinions of the workers. The training ( < 0.01), the amount of work ( < 0.05), and how the workers followed their protocols ( < 0.001) were linked to incidents and exposure to airborne pathogens. The most significant previous publication was a report (848 citations) stating that the previous variables linked to exposure are vital for prevention. Most works focused on countries like the U.S.A. ( = 0.009) were reviews, with a limited number of studies focused on occupational safety.
空气中的病原体和非恶性传染病（如肺结核）具有高度传染性，会对医护人员造成严重影响。这些疾病的症状需要时间显现，这可能导致工作人员在出现症状之前无法察觉自己已经暴露。本文旨在评估西班牙实验室的职业安全和所采取的预防措施，并将这些措施与全球其他研究报告的措施进行比较。采用网络调查（n=30）对（35-50 岁）工作人员进行了横断面研究，并在 Scopus 数据库中进行了文献计量分析（选择了 92 篇文献）。根据工作人员的意见，职业安全和健康措施是不充分的。培训（<0.01）、工作量（<0.05）以及工作人员遵守协议的情况（<0.001）与空气传播病原体的暴露有关。最重要的先前出版物是一份报告（引用 848 次），称与暴露相关的先前变量对预防至关重要。大多数工作集中在美国等国家（=0.009），是综述，而关注职业安全的研究数量有限。
