Schwarz A, Hoffmann F, L'age-Stehr J, Tegzess A M, Offermann G
Transplantation. 1987 Jul;44(1):21-4. doi: 10.1097/00007890-198707000-00006.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is reportedly transmitted by sexual contact, sharing of infected needles among intravenous drug abusers, blood and blood products, artificial insemination, and kidney transplantation. This study reports on cornea and kidney recipients of two HIV-infected donors. HIV was transmitted to two kidney recipients who developed symptoms of acute HIV infection (i.e., fever, leukopenia, mild thrombopenia, splenomegaly) starting 12 days after transplantation. These signs of acute infection ended with seroconversion of HIV antibodies on approximately the 56th day after transplantation. The three cornea recipients showed no signs of acute infection and no HIV antibodies were detected up to three years after transplantation. The nontransmission observed in our cases, however, may not be representative of cornea transplantations in general. HIV is neurotropic in the later stages of the disease, and transmission of other neurotropic viruses like rabies and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease by cornea transplantation has been reported. All tissue and organ donors should be tested for anti-HIV prior to donation.
据报道，人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）可通过性接触、静脉吸毒者共用受感染针头、血液及血液制品、人工授精以及肾移植传播。本研究报告了两名HIV感染供体的角膜和肾接受者情况。HIV传播给了两名肾接受者，他们在移植后12天开始出现急性HIV感染症状（即发热、白细胞减少、轻度血小板减少、脾肿大）。这些急性感染症状在移植后约第56天随着HIV抗体血清转化而结束。三名角膜接受者未表现出急性感染迹象，且在移植后长达三年未检测到HIV抗体。然而，我们病例中观察到的未传播情况可能并不代表一般的角膜移植情况。在疾病后期，HIV具有嗜神经性，且已有报道称狂犬病和克雅氏病等其他嗜神经病毒可通过角膜移植传播。所有组织和器官供体在捐赠前都应进行抗HIV检测。
