Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi", Unit of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology with Dialysis, University of Messina, "G. Martino" Policlinic, Italy.
Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi", Unit of Emergency Pediatrics, University of Messina, "G. Martino" Policlinic, Italy.
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2020 Jul-Aug;34(4 Suppl. 2):47-53. SPECIAL ISSUE: FOCUS ON PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY.
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology. It has a self-limiting course and so far, represents the most common cause of coronary heart disease acquired in children aged between 6 months and 5 years. The inflammatory process can involve the coronary arteries with the formation of aneurysms and thrombotic occlusions with the risk of sudden death, especially in infants. Myocardial inflammation and abnormalities of cardiac contractility can occur acutely or many years after the disease onset. Therapy must be started within 10 days after the onset of symptoms to reduce the risk of heart complications. Immunoglobulin and aspirin treatment are effective in reducing heart complications. Recent studies have shown new therapeutic strategies (corticosteroids, immunosuppressive and biological drugs) in case of ineffectiveness of treatment with immunoglobulins.
川崎病（KD）是一种病因不明的急性全身性血管炎。它具有自限性病程，迄今为止，是 6 个月至 5 岁儿童获得性冠状动脉心脏病的最常见原因。炎症过程可累及冠状动脉，形成动脉瘤和血栓性闭塞，有猝死风险，尤其是婴儿。心肌炎症和心肌收缩功能异常可在疾病发作后急性发生或多年后发生。必须在症状出现后 10 天内开始治疗，以降低心脏并发症的风险。免疫球蛋白和阿司匹林治疗可有效减少心脏并发症。最近的研究表明，在免疫球蛋白治疗无效的情况下，有新的治疗策略（皮质类固醇、免疫抑制剂和生物药物）。
