O'Reilly M M, Featherstone J D
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1987 Jul;92(1):33-40. doi: 10.1016/0889-5406(87)90293-9.
The presence of clinically detectable areas of decalcification (observable as whitened areas) following the removal of orthodontic appliances is well recognized. The aim of the present study was to determine quantitatively the amount of demineralization and the ability of commercially available products to inhibit or reverse orthodontically related demineralization. Twenty orthodontic patients scheduled to have premolars extracted were randomly divided into four groups--one control and three test groups. The extracted premolars (numbering 58) were bracketed using an acid-etch composite system; each patient was given precise oral hygiene instructions and supplied with a sodium fluoride (1,100 ppm fluoride) dentifrice and an orthodontic toothbrush. The control group brushed only with the supplied dentifrice. In addition to brushing with the dentifrice, those in test group I rinsed once each night with a sodium fluoride (0.05%) mouthrinse; group II received a weekly topical APF treatment (1.2% fluoride); and Group III received a weekly topical APF treatment and rinsed once each night with the sodium fluoride mouthrinse. All premolars were extracted after 1 calendar month. Mineral profiles were determined on cross-sectioned teeth 50 to 75 micron occlusal and cervical to the brackets, directly underneath the brackets, and 500 micron away from the brackets. The control teeth (dentifrice only) demonstrated up to 15% demineralization to a depth of 50 micron. All of the test teeth produced rehardening and/or inhibition of demineralization (P less than 0.01). Those in test group III showed a particularly hard outer layer. The study demonstrated that measurable demineralization occurred around orthodontic appliances after only 1 month and this demineralization can be completely inhibited and/or reversed by the use of commercially available fluoride products.
在去除正畸矫治器后出现临床上可检测到的脱钙区域（表现为变白区域）是广为人知的。本研究的目的是定量测定脱矿质的量以及市售产品抑制或逆转正畸相关脱矿质的能力。20名计划拔除前磨牙的正畸患者被随机分为四组——一组为对照组，三组为试验组。拔除的前磨牙（共58颗）使用酸蚀复合系统安装托槽；对每位患者都给予了精确的口腔卫生指导，并提供了含氟量为1100 ppm的氟化钠牙膏和正畸牙刷。对照组仅使用提供的牙膏刷牙。试验组I除使用牙膏刷牙外，每晚还用0.05%的氟化钠漱口水漱口一次；试验组II每周接受一次局部用酸性磷酸氟（APF）治疗（含氟量为1.2%）；试验组III每周接受一次局部用APF治疗，且每晚用氟化钠漱口水漱口一次。1个日历月后拔除所有前磨牙。在距托槽咬合面和颈部50至75微米处、托槽正下方以及距托槽500微米处的牙齿横截面上测定矿物质分布情况。仅使用牙膏刷牙的对照牙脱矿质深度达50微米时，脱矿质率高达15%。所有试验组牙齿均出现再矿化和/或脱矿质受到抑制（P < 0.01）。试验组III的牙齿表现出特别坚硬的外层。该研究表明，仅1个月后正畸矫治器周围就出现了可测量的脱矿质，而使用市售含氟产品可完全抑制和/或逆转这种脱矿质现象。
