Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Sep 29;17(19):7148. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197148.
Although some studies indicate physical activity and sleep quality are positively associated in children, most reports examined physical activity independent of other 24-h behaviors and focused on older children. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the predicted changes in sleep efficiency and habits when reallocating time between movement behaviors using compositional isotemporal substitution in preschool-aged children. Accelerometers were worn by 288 participants (51.6 ± 9.5 months) for up to 16 days. Sleep outcomes included sleep efficiency, nap frequency, sleep disturbances, and bedtime resistance. Compositional isotemporal substitution analyses demonstrated that the combined effect of 24-h movement behaviors was associated with sleep efficiency ( < 0.001) and nap frequency ( < 0.003). When sleep increased by 30 min at the expense of stationary time or light physical activity, estimates of sleep efficiency and bedtime resistance decreased while nap frequency increased. When stationary time increased by 30 min from moderate to vigorous physical activity, estimated sleep efficiency increased and sleep disturbances decreased. Although this study presents preliminary evidence that 24-h movement behavior compositions in early childhood are associated with sleep quality and nap frequency, estimated effects from theoretical time reallocations across sleep outcomes were mixed.
虽然一些研究表明儿童的身体活动与睡眠质量呈正相关，但大多数报告都是在独立于其他 24 小时行为的情况下检查身体活动的，并且主要关注年龄较大的儿童。本横断面研究的目的是通过在学龄前儿童中使用组成性等时替代法来重新分配运动行为之间的时间，研究睡眠效率和习惯的预测变化。288 名参与者（51.6±9.5 个月）佩戴加速度计最长 16 天。睡眠结果包括睡眠效率、午睡频率、睡眠障碍和睡前抗拒。组成性等时替代分析表明，24 小时运动行为的综合效应与睡眠效率（<0.001）和午睡频率（<0.003）有关。当以静止时间或低强度体力活动为代价增加 30 分钟的睡眠时间时，睡眠效率和睡前抗拒的估计值下降，而午睡频率增加。当静止时间从中等到剧烈的体力活动增加 30 分钟时，估计的睡眠效率增加，睡眠障碍减少。尽管这项研究初步表明，幼儿期的 24 小时运动行为组成与睡眠质量和午睡频率有关，但从理论上重新分配睡眠时间对睡眠结果的估计效果是混杂的。
