Barich Fatima, Laamiri Fatima Zahra, Mehdad Slimane, Benaich Souad, Rami Anass, Idrissi Mohamed, Serbouti Chaimae, Lahmame Houria, Benkirane Hasnae, Rjimati Manelle, Barkat Amina, Rjimati El Arbi, Aguenaou Hassan
Joint Unit of Nutrition and Food Research, CNESTEN-Ibn Tofäιl University-URAC 39, Regional Designated Center for Nutrition (AFRA/IAEA), Rabat, Morocco.
Higher Institute of Nursing and Medical Professions, Rabat, Morocco.
J Nutr Metab. 2020 Sep 11;2020:2685809. doi: 10.1155/2020/2685809. eCollection 2020.
Over the last few decades, there have been significant dietary and lifestyle changes worldwide. In Morocco, these changes have led to serious nutritional disorders and increased risk of morbidity and mortality particularly among vulnerable groups such as women of childbearing age. We aimed to assess the average daily energy and macronutrient intakes and to investigate their association with socioeconomic factors and weight status among women aged 19-49 years in urban areas. A total of 542 women attending public health centers were recruited. Socioeconomic and demographic data were collected using a questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements were taken using standardized equipment. Food consumption data were obtained through the 24-hour dietary recall method, and the macronutrient composition of foods was estimated based on the Moroccan food composition table and the Nutrilog software. The average daily energy intake among the study population was 1591 kcal, composed of 56% from carbohydrates, 28% from fats, and 16% from protein. Reported energy intake by the majority of women (81.5%) was lower than recommended daily allowances for energy. There was a significant positive correlation between educational level and energy (=0.001), carbohydrates (=0.001), proteins (=0.004), and fats intakes (=0.032), respectively. A significant negative association of household size with protein intakes was also observed (=0.034). Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats intakes tended to decrease; however, these associations were not statistically significant. Further studies and appropriate interventions are needed to address the trends in energy and macronutrients intakes in the development of policy initiatives aimed at nutrition education and chronic disease prevention among childbearing age women.
在过去几十年里，全球范围内的饮食和生活方式发生了重大变化。在摩洛哥，这些变化导致了严重的营养失调，发病率和死亡率风险增加，尤其是在育龄妇女等弱势群体中。我们旨在评估19至49岁城市地区女性的平均每日能量和常量营养素摄入量，并调查它们与社会经济因素和体重状况之间的关联。总共招募了542名前往公共卫生中心就诊的女性。使用问卷收集社会经济和人口数据。使用标准化设备进行人体测量。通过24小时膳食回顾法获取食物消费数据，并根据摩洛哥食物成分表和Nutrilog软件估算食物的常量营养素组成。研究人群的平均每日能量摄入量为1591千卡，其中56%来自碳水化合物，28%来自脂肪，16%来自蛋白质。大多数女性（81.5%）报告的能量摄入量低于推荐的每日能量摄入量。教育水平与能量摄入量（=0.001）、碳水化合物摄入量（=0.001）、蛋白质摄入量（=0.004）和脂肪摄入量（=0.032）之间分别存在显著正相关。还观察到家庭规模与蛋白质摄入量之间存在显著负相关（=0.034）。碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪的摄入量有下降趋势；然而，这些关联在统计学上并不显著。需要进一步研究和采取适当干预措施，以应对能量和常量营养素摄入量的趋势，从而制定旨在为育龄妇女提供营养教育和预防慢性病的政策举措。
