Vinas Maria, Aissati Sara, Gonzalez-Ramos Ana Maria, Romero Mercedes, Sawides Lucie, Akondi Vyas, Gambra Enrique, Dorronsoro Carlos, Karkkainen Thomas, Nankivil Derek, Marcos Susana
Instituto de Optica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (IO-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
EyesVision, Madrid, Spain.
Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2020 Sep 22;9(10):20. doi: 10.1167/tvst.9.10.20. eCollection 2020 Sep.
As multifocal contact lenses (MCLs) expand as a solution for presbyopia correction, a better understanding of their optical and visual performance becomes essential. Also, providing subjects with the experience of multifocal vision before contact lens fitting becomes critical, both to systematically test different multifocal designs and to optimize selection in the clinic. In this study, we evaluated the ability of a simultaneous vision visual simulator (SimVis) to represent MCLs.
Through focus (TF) optical and visual quality with a center-near aspheric MCL (low, medium and high near adds) were measured using a multichannel polychromatic Adaptive Optics visual simulator equipped with double-pass, SimVis (temporal multiplexing), and psychophysical channels to allow measurements on-bench and in vivo On bench TF optical quality of SimVis-simulated MCLs was obtained from double-pass (DP) images and images of an E-stimulus using artificial eyes. Ten presbyopic subjects were fitted with the MCL. Visual acuity (VA) and DP retinal images were measured TF in a 4.00 D range with the MCL on eye, and through SimVis simulations of the same MCLs on the same subjects.
TF optical (on bench and in vivo) and visual (in vivo) quality measurements captured the expected broadening of the curves with increasing add. Root mean square difference between real and SimVis-simulated lens was 0.031/0.025 (low add), 0.025/0.015 (medium add), 0.019/0.011 (high add), for TF DP and TF LogMAR VA, respectively. A shape similarity metric shows high statistical values (lag κ = 0), rho = 0.811/0.895 (low add), 0.792/0.944 (medium add), and 0.861/0.915 (high add) for TF DP/LogMAR VA, respectively.
MCLs theoretically and effectively expand the depth of focus. A novel simulator, SimVis, captured the through-focus optical and visual performance of the MCL in most of the subjects. Visual simulators allow subjects to experience vision with multifocal lenses prior to testing them on-eye.
Simultaneous visual simulators allow subjects to experience multifocal vision non-invasively. We demonstrated equivalency between real multifocal contact lenses and SimVis-simulated lenses. The results suggest that SimVis is a suitable technique to aid selection of presbyopic corrections in the contactology practice.
随着多焦点隐形眼镜（MCL）作为老花眼矫正解决方案的应用不断扩大，深入了解其光学和视觉性能变得至关重要。此外，在验配隐形眼镜之前，让受试者体验多焦点视觉对于系统测试不同的多焦点设计以及在临床中优化选择至关重要。在本研究中，我们评估了同步视觉模拟器（SimVis）呈现MCL的能力。
使用配备双程、SimVis（时间复用）和心理物理学通道的多通道多色自适应光学视觉模拟器，测量中心近非球面MCL（低、中、高近附加光度）的通过焦点（TF）光学和视觉质量，以允许在实验台上和体内进行测量。通过双程（DP）图像和使用人工眼的E刺激图像，从实验台上获得SimVis模拟MCL的TF光学质量。十名老花眼受试者佩戴了MCL。在眼睛佩戴MCL的情况下，在4.00 D范围内测量视力（VA）和DP视网膜图像的TF，并通过对同一受试者的相同MCL进行SimVis模拟。
TF光学（实验台和体内）和视觉（体内）质量测量结果显示，随着附加光度增加，曲线出现预期的展宽。对于TF DP和TF LogMAR VA，实际镜片与SimVis模拟镜片之间的均方根差异分别为0.031/0.025（低附加光度）、0.025/0.015（中附加光度）、0.019/0.011（高附加光度）。形状相似性度量显示，TF DP/LogMAR VA的统计值较高（滞后κ = 0），rho分别为0.811/0.895（低附加光度）、0.792/0.944（中附加光度）和0.861/0.915（高附加光度）。
MCL在理论上和实际上都扩大了焦点深度。一种新型模拟器SimVis在大多数受试者中捕捉到了MCL通过焦点的光学和视觉性能。视觉模拟器使受试者能够在眼部测试之前体验多焦点镜片的视觉效果。
同步视觉模拟器使受试者能够非侵入性地体验多焦点视觉。我们证明了实际多焦点隐形眼镜与SimVis模拟镜片之间的等效性。结果表明，SimVis是一种在隐形眼镜验配实践中有助于选择老花眼矫正方法的合适技术。
