Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, Box 2275A South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Nutrients. 2020 Sep 30;12(10):2997. doi: 10.3390/nu12102997.
Overweight and obesity are global health problems that contribute to the rising prevalence of non-communicable diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and certain cancers. The World Health Organization recognizes obesity as a primarily diet-induced, preventable condition, yet losing weight or keeping weight loss permanent is a universal challenge. In the U.S., formal dietary guidelines have existed since 1980. Over the same time-period, the incidence of obesity has skyrocketed. Here, we present our perspective on why current dietary guidelines are not always supported by a robust body of scientific data and emphasize the critical need for accelerated nutrition research funding. A clear understanding of the interaction of dietary patterns with system-level biological changes in a precise, response-specific manner can help inform evidence-based nutrition education, policy, and practice.
超重和肥胖是全球性健康问题，导致 2 型糖尿病、心脏病和某些癌症等非传染性疾病的患病率不断上升。世界卫生组织认为肥胖主要是由饮食引起的、可预防的疾病，但减肥或保持减肥效果是一个普遍的挑战。在美国，自 1980 年以来就有正式的饮食指南。在同一时期，肥胖的发病率急剧上升。在这里，我们提出了我们的观点，即为什么目前的饮食指南并不总是得到大量科学数据的支持，并强调了加速营养研究资金的迫切需要。明确了解饮食模式与系统水平生物学变化之间的相互作用，以精确、特定反应的方式，可以帮助为基于证据的营养教育、政策和实践提供信息。
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