Ye Xiangchen, Zhou Lingling, Jia Jingyi, Wei Lingjing, Wen Yanhong, Yan Xueyu, Huang Jie, Gan Baojiang, Liu Kang, Lv Yejian, Hu Guangfu
Aquatic Species Introduction and Breeding Center of Guangxi, Nanning 530031, China.
College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Life (Basel). 2020 Sep 30;10(10):226. doi: 10.3390/life10100226.
Colors are important phenotypic traits for fitness under natural conditions in vertebrates. Previous studies have reported several functional genes and genetic variations of pigmentation, but the formation mechanisms of various skin coloration remained ambiguous in fish. Jinbian carp, a common carp variant, displays two colors (yellow and black) in the skin, thus, it is a good model for investigating the genetic basis of pigmentation. In the present study, using the Jinbian carp as model, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (ITRAQ) proteomics analysis was performed for yellow and black skin, respectively. The results showed that 467 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified between the yellow skin and the black skin. Similar to mammals, the up-regulated DEPs in black skin included UV excision repair protein RAD23 homolog A (Rad23a), melanoregulin (mreg), 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid oxidase5 (tyrp1) and melanocyte protein PMEL (PMEL), which were mainly grouped into melanogenesis pathway. However, several up-regulated DEPs in yellow skin were mainly enriched in nucleotide metabolism, such as GTPase IMAP family member 5 (GIMAP5), AMP deaminase 1 (AMPD1), adenosylhomocysteinase b (ahcy-b), and pyruvate kinase (PKM). In summary, several candidate proteins and their enrichment pathways for color variation in Jinbian carp were identified, which may be responsible for the formation of different colorations.
在自然条件下，颜色是脊椎动物适应性的重要表型特征。先前的研究报道了几种色素沉着的功能基因和遗传变异，但鱼类各种皮肤颜色的形成机制仍不明确。锦鲤是鲤鱼的一个变种，其皮肤呈现两种颜色（黄色和黑色），因此，它是研究色素沉着遗传基础的良好模型。在本研究中，以锦鲤为模型，分别对黄色和黑色皮肤进行了相对和绝对定量同位素标记相对和绝对定量（ITRAQ）蛋白质组学分析。结果表明，在黄色皮肤和黑色皮肤之间鉴定出467种差异表达蛋白（DEP）。与哺乳动物相似，黑色皮肤中上调的DEP包括紫外线切除修复蛋白RAD23同源物A（Rad23a）、黑素调节蛋白（mreg）、5,6-二羟基吲哚-2-羧酸氧化酶5（tyrp1）和黑素细胞蛋白PMEL（PMEL），它们主要归类于黑色素生成途径。然而，黄色皮肤中一些上调的DEP主要富集于核苷酸代谢，如GTP酶IMAP家族成员5（GIMAP5）、AMP脱氨酶1（AMPD1）、腺苷同型半胱氨酸酶b（ahcy-b）和丙酮酸激酶（PKM）。总之，鉴定了锦鲤颜色变异的几种候选蛋白及其富集途径，它们可能是不同颜色形成的原因。
