柑橘绿木霉Snef1910的分离及其对南方根结线虫生物防治的效果

Isolation and effect of Trichoderma citrinoviride Snef1910 for the biological control of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita.

作者信息

Fan Haiyan, Yao Meiling, Wang Haiming, Zhao Di, Zhu Xiaofeng, Wang Yuanyuan, Liu Xiaoyu, Duan Yuxi, Chen Lijie

机构信息

Nematology Institute of Northern China, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.

Analytical and Testing Center, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.

出版信息

BMC Microbiol. 2020 Oct 2;20(1):299. doi: 10.1186/s12866-020-01984-4.

BACKGROUND

Root-knot nematode is one of the most significant diseases of vegetable crops in the world. Biological control with microbial antagonists has been emerged as a promising and eco-friendly treatment to control pathogens. The aim of this study was to screen and identify novel biocontrol agents against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita.

RESULTS

A total of 890 fungal isolates were obtained from rhizosphere soil of different crops and screened by nematicidal activity assays. Snef1910 strain showed high virulence against second stage juveniles (J2s) of M. incognita and identified as Trichoderma citrinoviride by morphology analysis and biomolecular assay. Furthermore, T. citrinoviride Snef1910 significantly inhibited egg hatching with the hatching inhibition percentages of 90.27, 77.50, and 67.06% at 48, 72, and 96 h after the treatment, respectively. The results of pot experiment showed that the metabolites of T. citrinoviride Snef1910 significantly decreased the number of root galls, J2s, and nematode egg masses and J2s population density in soil and significantly promoted the growth of tomato plants. In the field experiment, the biocontrol application showed that the control efficacy of T. citrinoviride Snef1910 against root-knot nematode was more than 50%. Meanwhile, T. citrinoviride Snef1910 increased the tomato plant biomass.

CONCLUSIONS

T. citrinoviride strain Snef1910 could be used as a potential biological control agent against root-knot nematode, M. incognita.

背景

根结线虫是世界上蔬菜作物最重要的病害之一。利用微生物拮抗剂进行生物防治已成为一种有前景且环保的控制病原体的方法。本研究的目的是筛选和鉴定针对根结线虫（南方根结线虫）的新型生物防治剂。

结果

从不同作物的根际土壤中总共获得了890株真菌分离物，并通过杀线虫活性测定进行筛选。Snef1910菌株对南方根结线虫的二龄幼虫（J2s）表现出高毒力，并通过形态学分析和生物分子测定鉴定为黄绿木霉。此外，黄绿木霉Snef1910显著抑制卵孵化，处理后48、72和96小时的孵化抑制率分别为90.27%、77.50%和67.06%。盆栽试验结果表明，黄绿木霉Snef1910的代谢产物显著减少了根瘤、J2s和线虫卵块的数量以及土壤中J2s的种群密度，并显著促进了番茄植株的生长。在田间试验中，生物防治应用表明，黄绿木霉Snef1910对根结线虫的防治效果超过50%。同时，黄绿木霉Snef1910增加了番茄植株的生物量。